The influence of diet on the health of host may be mediated by changes that occur in the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota. Indeed, the nutritional, trophic and protective activities of this complex ecosystem have been demonstrated. In this work, changes related to different dietary interventions were studied evaluating both gut microbiota composition, by 16S rRNA-based PCR-DGGE, and faecal metabolite profiling, by 1H NMR spectroscopic and GC-MS SPME. Three groups of Wistar rats were used, each receiving one of the following diets: wheat bread (WB), Kamut® khorasan bread (KB) and sourdough fermented Kamut® khorasan bread (SKB). Cluster analysis of DGGE profiles, using universal eubacterial primer set, showed higher inter-individual variations and no groupings according to the intervention were found. An in-depth analysis focused on Lactobacillus genus was carried out. qPCRrevealed a significant increase of Lactobacillus upon SKB intake, whereas no significant variation occurred after feeding with WB and KB. Cluster analysis of DGGE profiles, obtained with Lactobacillus genus-specific primers, demonstrated a peculiar groupings according to the feeding and allowed to assign specific DGGE bands that characterise the three intervention groups. The data obtained with both techniques were processed separately by means of canonical analysis of principal components (CAP) in order to focus on the effects of the diets. When applied to the NMR data, a single CAP component clearly separated the WB and SKB diet samples, with KB appearing in between. In particular, the major differences accounted for organic acids, such as lactate and propionate, as well as amino acids, such as lysine. When CAP was applied to GC-MS SPME data, two components were necessary to cluster the WB, KB and SKB diet samples. Butyric acid, 2-methyl-3-pentanol, acetic acid, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2,3-butanedione were responsible for this separation. On the basis of these results, we can conclude that an integrated view is a useful approach to assess the efficacy of different nutritional interventions.
A. Gianotti, S. Maccaferri, D. I. Serrazanetti, L. Laghi, M. Ndagijimana, A. Russo, et al. (2010). Gut microbiota and metabolome modulation in sourdough bread fed rats. COPENHAGEN : s.n.
Gut microbiota and metabolome modulation in sourdough bread fed rats
GIANOTTI, ANDREA;MACCAFERRI, SIMONE;SERRAZANETTI, DIANA ISABELLA;LAGHI, LUCA;NDAGIJIMANA, MAURICE;BORDONI, ALESSANDRA;BRIGIDI, PATRIZIA;GUERZONI, MARIA ELISABETTA
2010
Abstract
The influence of diet on the health of host may be mediated by changes that occur in the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota. Indeed, the nutritional, trophic and protective activities of this complex ecosystem have been demonstrated. In this work, changes related to different dietary interventions were studied evaluating both gut microbiota composition, by 16S rRNA-based PCR-DGGE, and faecal metabolite profiling, by 1H NMR spectroscopic and GC-MS SPME. Three groups of Wistar rats were used, each receiving one of the following diets: wheat bread (WB), Kamut® khorasan bread (KB) and sourdough fermented Kamut® khorasan bread (SKB). Cluster analysis of DGGE profiles, using universal eubacterial primer set, showed higher inter-individual variations and no groupings according to the intervention were found. An in-depth analysis focused on Lactobacillus genus was carried out. qPCRrevealed a significant increase of Lactobacillus upon SKB intake, whereas no significant variation occurred after feeding with WB and KB. Cluster analysis of DGGE profiles, obtained with Lactobacillus genus-specific primers, demonstrated a peculiar groupings according to the feeding and allowed to assign specific DGGE bands that characterise the three intervention groups. The data obtained with both techniques were processed separately by means of canonical analysis of principal components (CAP) in order to focus on the effects of the diets. When applied to the NMR data, a single CAP component clearly separated the WB and SKB diet samples, with KB appearing in between. In particular, the major differences accounted for organic acids, such as lactate and propionate, as well as amino acids, such as lysine. When CAP was applied to GC-MS SPME data, two components were necessary to cluster the WB, KB and SKB diet samples. Butyric acid, 2-methyl-3-pentanol, acetic acid, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2,3-butanedione were responsible for this separation. On the basis of these results, we can conclude that an integrated view is a useful approach to assess the efficacy of different nutritional interventions.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
