Dietary lipid sources can increase beneficial effects in dairy products, but the degree of saturation of fatty acids could affect rumen microbiota. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the influence of two different lipid sources, one saturated (Megafat88; FAT), and one unsaturated (whole soybean flaked; SOY) on rumen microbiota composition of high-producing dairy cows fed a hay-based ration. The study involved 8 Italian Friesian dairy cows, and reticular pH, rumination time, and microbiota composition (bacteria and protozoa) were determined. DNA from rumen contents was extracted, purified, and sequenced to quantify bacteria populations. Sequencing was performed on Illumina MiSeq. For protozoa count, liquor samples are mixed with glycerol and the microorganism were counted in Burker-chamber counter. Data were analyzed with JMP pro v 17.1. For the statistical analysis, a linear mixed model was used with a fixed effect: Saturated Fat vs Unsaturated fat. The different lipid sources influenced bacteria community, but the differences were not significant. Prevotellaceae family showed a tendency (p=0.1) and decreased in SOY compared to FAT. Selenomonadaceae family had a higher relative abundance (p=0.07) in SOY, as well as Rikenellaceae and Veillonellaceae, while Lachnospiraceae did not differ. Data also revealed differences among cows, even if subjected to the same lipid source. Animals were significantly different within the same treatment for Ruminococcaceae (p ≤ 0.05) in SOY, while Veillonellaceae and Selenomonadaceae families in both SOY and FAT treatment. Rikenellaceae presented a significant difference in FAT (p ≤ 0.05). Protozoa count revealed a higher concentration in SOY compared to FAT (10.2 vs 8.8 respectively, p ≤ 0.05). The analyzed genera showed a significant increase in SOY for Epidinium, and Entodinium (p ≤ 0.05), while Isotricha increased in FAT (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, the dietary lipid source affected rumen microbiota composition, especially the protozoa community. The degree of saturation of lipid sources affected microorganisms in different ways for each cow, underlying the individual characteristics of each animal, and how much the host variability remains one of the major aspects to explain the final animal response.
Changes of rumen microbiota composition in dairy cows fed with different lipid source / Alessia Federiconi, Francesca Ghiaccio, Damiano Cavallini, Alberto Palmonari. - In: ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE. - ISSN 1828-051X. - ELETTRONICO. - (2023), pp. O202.111-O202.111. (Intervento presentato al convegno 25th Congress of the Animal Science and Production Association tenutosi a Monopoli (BA) nel 13-16 Giugno 2023).
Changes of rumen microbiota composition in dairy cows fed with different lipid source
Alessia Federiconi;Francesca Ghiaccio;Damiano Cavallini;Alberto Palmonari
2023
Abstract
Dietary lipid sources can increase beneficial effects in dairy products, but the degree of saturation of fatty acids could affect rumen microbiota. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the influence of two different lipid sources, one saturated (Megafat88; FAT), and one unsaturated (whole soybean flaked; SOY) on rumen microbiota composition of high-producing dairy cows fed a hay-based ration. The study involved 8 Italian Friesian dairy cows, and reticular pH, rumination time, and microbiota composition (bacteria and protozoa) were determined. DNA from rumen contents was extracted, purified, and sequenced to quantify bacteria populations. Sequencing was performed on Illumina MiSeq. For protozoa count, liquor samples are mixed with glycerol and the microorganism were counted in Burker-chamber counter. Data were analyzed with JMP pro v 17.1. For the statistical analysis, a linear mixed model was used with a fixed effect: Saturated Fat vs Unsaturated fat. The different lipid sources influenced bacteria community, but the differences were not significant. Prevotellaceae family showed a tendency (p=0.1) and decreased in SOY compared to FAT. Selenomonadaceae family had a higher relative abundance (p=0.07) in SOY, as well as Rikenellaceae and Veillonellaceae, while Lachnospiraceae did not differ. Data also revealed differences among cows, even if subjected to the same lipid source. Animals were significantly different within the same treatment for Ruminococcaceae (p ≤ 0.05) in SOY, while Veillonellaceae and Selenomonadaceae families in both SOY and FAT treatment. Rikenellaceae presented a significant difference in FAT (p ≤ 0.05). Protozoa count revealed a higher concentration in SOY compared to FAT (10.2 vs 8.8 respectively, p ≤ 0.05). The analyzed genera showed a significant increase in SOY for Epidinium, and Entodinium (p ≤ 0.05), while Isotricha increased in FAT (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, the dietary lipid source affected rumen microbiota composition, especially the protozoa community. The degree of saturation of lipid sources affected microorganisms in different ways for each cow, underlying the individual characteristics of each animal, and how much the host variability remains one of the major aspects to explain the final animal response.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
