Proprioceptive Focal Stimulation (Equistasi®) for gait and postural balance rehabilitation in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review

Gait and postural deficits are the most common impairments in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). These impairments often reduce patients' quality of life. Equistasi (R) is a wearable proprioceptive stabilizer that converts body thermic energy into mechanical vibration. No systematic reviews have been published investigating the influences of Equistasi (R) on gait and postural control in patients with PD. This review aimed to examine the effects of proprioceptive focal stimulation (Equistasi (R)) on gait deficits and postural instability in patients with PD. PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, REHABDATA, web of science, CHAINAL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE were searched from inception to July 2021. The methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Five studies met the eligibility criteria. The scores on the PEDro scale ranged from 3 to 8, with a median score of 8. The results showed evidence for the benefits of the proprioceptive focal stimulation (Equistasi (R)) on gait and postural stability in individuals with PD. Proprioceptive focal stimulation (Equistasi (R)) appears to be safe and well-tolerated in patients with PD. Proprioceptive focal stimulation (Equistasi (R)) may improve gait ability and postural stability in patients with PD. Further high-quality studies with long-term follow-ups are strongly needed to clarify the long-term effects of proprioceptive focal stimulation (Equistasi (R)) in patients with PD.