Effetti degli oli essenziali sul microbioma dei pesci

Biofilm formation is one of the main mechanisms responsible for the pathogenicity of microorganisms in aquaculture. Therefore, counteracting biofilm formation is an important target in the development of potential agents with antimicrobial activity. In this field, essential oils, natural substances already known as powerful antimicrobials, can represent a valid support for the disintegration of biofilms and for preventing their formation by pathogens. It is, therefore, essential to highlight the anti-biofilm activity of essential oils and their mixtures to effectively inhibit the microbial growth of pathogenic strains by preventing biofilm development and, consequently, the related microbial infections by limiting the use of antibiotics in aquaculture. Essential oils can, therefore, according to a One Health approach, represent an excellent resource to contain the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance by combining the effectiveness of treatments on farmed fish with a low environmental impact.