Background: Early-life respiratory tract infections might affect chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, but conclusive studies from general populations are lacking. Our objective was to examine if children with early-life respiratory tract infections had increased risks of lower lung function and asthma at school age. Methods: We used individual participant data of 150 090 children primarily from the EU Child Cohort Network to examine the associations of upper and lower respiratory tract infections from age 6 months to 5 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75%) and asthma at a median (range) age of 7 (4-15) years. Results: Children with early-life lower, not upper, respiratory tract infections had a lower school-age FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF75% (z-score range: -0.09 (95% CI -0.14- -0.04) to -0.30 (95% CI -0.36- -0.24)). Children with early-life lower respiratory tract infections had a higher increased risk of school-age asthma than those with upper respiratory tract infections (OR range: 2.10 (95% CI 1.98-2.22) to 6.30 (95% CI 5.64-7.04) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.18-1.32) to 1.55 (95% CI 1.47-1.65), respectively). Adjustment for preceding respiratory tract infections slightly decreased the strength of the effects. Observed associations were similar for those with and without early-life wheezing as a proxy for early-life asthma. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that early-life respiratory tract infections affect development of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases in later life, with the strongest effects for lower respiratory tract infections.
Early-life respiratory tract infections and the risk of school-age lower lung function and asthma: a meta-analysis of 150 000 European children / van Meel, Evelien R; Mensink-Bout, Sara M; den Dekker, Herman T; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S; Annesi-Maesano, Isabella; Arshad, Syed Hasan; Baïz, Nour; Barros, Henrique; von Berg, Andrea; Bisgaard, Hans; Bønnelykke, Klaus; Carlsson, Christian J; Casas, Maribel; Chatzi, Leda; Chevrier, Cecile; Dalmeijer, Geertje; Dezateux, Carol; Duchen, Karel; Eggesbø, Merete; van der Ent, Cornelis; Fantini, Maria; Flexeder, Claudia; Frey, Urs; Forastiere, Fransesco; Gehring, Ulrike; Gori, Davide; Granell, Raquel; Griffiths, Lucy J; Inskip, Hazel; Jerzynska, Joanna; Karvonen, Anne M; Keil, Thomas; Kelleher, Cecily; Kogevinas, Manolis; Koppen, Gudrun; Kuehni, Claudia E; Lambrechts, Nathalie; Lau, Susanne; Lehmann, Irina; Ludvigsson, Johnny; Magnus, Maria Christine; Mélen, Erik; Mehegan, John; Mommers, Monique; Nybo Andersen, Anne-Marie; Nystad, Wenche; Pedersen, Eva S L; Pekkanen, Juha; Peltola, Ville; Pike, Katharine C; Pinot de Moira, Angela; Pizzi, Costanza; Polanska, Kinga; Popovic, Maja; Porta, Daniela; Roberts, Graham; Santos, Ana Cristina; Schultz, Erica S; Standl, Marie; Sunyer, Jordi; Thijs, Carel; Toivonen, Laura; Uphoff, Eleonora; Usemann, Jakob; Vafeidi, Marina; Wright, John; de Jongste, Johan C; Jaddoe, Vincent W V; Duijts, Liesbeth. - In: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL. - ISSN 1399-3003. - ELETTRONICO. - 60:4(2022), pp. 2102395.1-2102395.13. [10.1183/13993003.02395-2021]
Early-life respiratory tract infections and the risk of school-age lower lung function and asthma: a meta-analysis of 150 000 European children
Fantini, Maria;Gori, Davide;
2022
Abstract
Background: Early-life respiratory tract infections might affect chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, but conclusive studies from general populations are lacking. Our objective was to examine if children with early-life respiratory tract infections had increased risks of lower lung function and asthma at school age. Methods: We used individual participant data of 150 090 children primarily from the EU Child Cohort Network to examine the associations of upper and lower respiratory tract infections from age 6 months to 5 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75%) and asthma at a median (range) age of 7 (4-15) years. Results: Children with early-life lower, not upper, respiratory tract infections had a lower school-age FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF75% (z-score range: -0.09 (95% CI -0.14- -0.04) to -0.30 (95% CI -0.36- -0.24)). Children with early-life lower respiratory tract infections had a higher increased risk of school-age asthma than those with upper respiratory tract infections (OR range: 2.10 (95% CI 1.98-2.22) to 6.30 (95% CI 5.64-7.04) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.18-1.32) to 1.55 (95% CI 1.47-1.65), respectively). Adjustment for preceding respiratory tract infections slightly decreased the strength of the effects. Observed associations were similar for those with and without early-life wheezing as a proxy for early-life asthma. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that early-life respiratory tract infections affect development of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases in later life, with the strongest effects for lower respiratory tract infections.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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