The American Joint Committee of Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification, with its periodical updates and modifications, has represented and still represents the basis of cancer staging. The historical, long-standing limitations of anatomic-based TNM staging have been recently “threatened” by the impressive amount of data derived from molecular analyses, which have led to an unprecedented level of understanding of cancer genomics. In fact, current era of personalized oncology has witnessed important efforts towards the integration between clinical, anatomical and molecular features; however, despite the promises, personalized oncology faces many obstacles, due to the complex relationship between tumor biomarkers, previously unknown cancer subtypes and clinical and anatomical characteristics. With regard to urothelial carcinoma (UC), the characterization of tumors in large cohorts of patients has provided important information concerning genetic alterations, revealing the presence of biologically relevant subtypes of UC. In the current review, we will provide an overview regarding this recent “translation” from the anatomic-based TNM to a novel horizon, aiming at further “tailoring” personalized oncology, especially focusing on recently published data about the molecular landscape of UC with its therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Rizzo A., Mollica V., Cimadamore A., Santoni M., Scarpelli M., Schiavina R., et al. (2021). TNM staging towards a personalized approach in metastatic urothelial carcinoma: What will the future be like?-a narrative review. TRANSLATIONAL ANDROLOGY AND UROLOGY, 10(3), 1541-1552 [10.21037/tau-20-1109].
TNM staging towards a personalized approach in metastatic urothelial carcinoma: What will the future be like?-a narrative review
Mollica V.;Schiavina R.;Brunocilla E.;Massari F.
2021
Abstract
The American Joint Committee of Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification, with its periodical updates and modifications, has represented and still represents the basis of cancer staging. The historical, long-standing limitations of anatomic-based TNM staging have been recently “threatened” by the impressive amount of data derived from molecular analyses, which have led to an unprecedented level of understanding of cancer genomics. In fact, current era of personalized oncology has witnessed important efforts towards the integration between clinical, anatomical and molecular features; however, despite the promises, personalized oncology faces many obstacles, due to the complex relationship between tumor biomarkers, previously unknown cancer subtypes and clinical and anatomical characteristics. With regard to urothelial carcinoma (UC), the characterization of tumors in large cohorts of patients has provided important information concerning genetic alterations, revealing the presence of biologically relevant subtypes of UC. In the current review, we will provide an overview regarding this recent “translation” from the anatomic-based TNM to a novel horizon, aiming at further “tailoring” personalized oncology, especially focusing on recently published data about the molecular landscape of UC with its therapeutic and prognostic implications.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
tau-10-03-1541.pdf
accesso aperto
Tipo:
Versione (PDF) editoriale
Licenza:
Licenza per Accesso Aperto. Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate (CCBYNCND)
Dimensione
922.08 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
922.08 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
tau-10-03-1541-rc.pdf
accesso aperto
Tipo:
File Supplementare
Licenza:
Licenza per Accesso Aperto. Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate (CCBYNCND)
Dimensione
94.9 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
94.9 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
tau-10-03-1541-coif.pdf
accesso aperto
Tipo:
File Supplementare
Licenza:
Licenza per Accesso Aperto. Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate (CCBYNCND)
Dimensione
635.83 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
635.83 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.