Three dimensional CFD simulation of LPG tanks exposed to partially engulfing pool fires

The availability of accurate and robust models for the prediction of the behavior of pressurized tanks under fire exposure is a key requirement to improve the design of fire protection systems. Most of the models present in the literature take into consideration fully engulfing pool fire scenarios only. In the present study, a CFD modelling approach previously validated against full engulfing pool fire tests is used to simulate partial engulfment conditions. The model allowed analyzing local flow field promoting thermal stratification, which in turn drives internal pressurization of the tank. Comparison with fire test results shows good agreement with experimental measurements both in terms of temperature and pressurization curves. The results obtained represent a valuable source of information to support risk management, planning of emergency response and improve fire protection systems design.