The First World War test was an important transition towards the Italian Nation creation as well as for the establishment of a strong relationship between churchgoers and priest with uniform. Among those 20.000 mans recalled by the Army that, by different way, brought the word of Christ in the dirt of the trenches and in the suffering of the battle, there were soldier priests employed in the health care or classified in battalions as well as the real military chaplains, officers that were assigned, under to the then Chief of Staff Cadorna request, not only to the field hospitals, but also to all Army specialities, with a relevant change of pace from social and regulatory point of view compared to the past. In between of administrative messes of the then Kingdom of Italy and organizational emergencies, the efforts of the Catholic Church were also deployed together with contribute of religious minorities such as Jews, Waldensians, Methodists and Baptists. This commitment reached its top in the immediacy of the Caporetto defeat, where the role of the chaplain aid was also implemented. With 93 called in the battle and 110 chaplains prisoners, of which 546 decorates, the military chaplains were a relevant support and a cohesion element for all the fighters towards Italy’s final victory over the central empires.
La prova della Grande guerra fu un passaggio importante per la costituzione della nazione italiana ma anche per la creazione di un rapporto forte tra i fedeli e i preti in divisa. Tra quei ventimila uomini richiamati dall’ Esercito e che a diverso titolo portarono la parola del Cristo nel fango delle trincee e nella sofferenza della battaglia, vi erano i preti-soldato impiegati in sanità o inquadrati in battaglioni e i cappellani militari veri e propri, ufficiali che furono, su richiesta dell’allora Capo di Stato Maggiore Cadorna, assegnati non solo agli ospedali da campo ma a tutte le specialità dell’Esercito con un cambio di passo socio-normativo rispetto al passato. Tra pasticci amministrativi dell’allora Regno d’Italia, ritardi ed emergenze organizzative, lo sforzo della Chiesa cattolica fu messo in campo insieme anche al contributo di minoranze religiose come gli ebrei, i valdesi, i metodisti e i battisti. Tale impegno raggiunse il suo acme nellareazione originatasi nell’immediatezza della disfatta di Caporetto dove venne anche introdotta la figura dell’aiuto-cappellano. Con novantatre caduti in combattimento e centodieci cappellani prigionieri, di cui ben cinquecentoquarantasei decorati, i cappellani militari furono un valido sostegno ed un elemento di coesione per i combattenti, verso la vittoria finale dell’Italia sugli Imperi centrali.
Antonello De Oto (2019). I cappellani militari italiani nella prima guerra mondiale. ARCHIVIO GIURIDICO FILIPPO SERAFINI, CLI(2), 267-283.
I cappellani militari italiani nella prima guerra mondiale
Antonello De Oto
2019
Abstract
The First World War test was an important transition towards the Italian Nation creation as well as for the establishment of a strong relationship between churchgoers and priest with uniform. Among those 20.000 mans recalled by the Army that, by different way, brought the word of Christ in the dirt of the trenches and in the suffering of the battle, there were soldier priests employed in the health care or classified in battalions as well as the real military chaplains, officers that were assigned, under to the then Chief of Staff Cadorna request, not only to the field hospitals, but also to all Army specialities, with a relevant change of pace from social and regulatory point of view compared to the past. In between of administrative messes of the then Kingdom of Italy and organizational emergencies, the efforts of the Catholic Church were also deployed together with contribute of religious minorities such as Jews, Waldensians, Methodists and Baptists. This commitment reached its top in the immediacy of the Caporetto defeat, where the role of the chaplain aid was also implemented. With 93 called in the battle and 110 chaplains prisoners, of which 546 decorates, the military chaplains were a relevant support and a cohesion element for all the fighters towards Italy’s final victory over the central empires.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.