Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Compression Garments on Autonomic Nervous System Recovery After Exercise

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the recovery pattern of a whole body compression garment on hemodynamic parameters and on ANS activity following a swimming performance. Ten young male athletes were recruited and tested in two different days, with and without wearing the garment during the recovery phase. After a warm-up of 15 minutes, athletes were instructed to perform a maximal 400m freestyle swimming event, and then time series of beat-to-beat intervals for heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and hemodynamic parameters were recorded for 90 minutes of recovery. The vagally mediated HF power of R-R intervals, NN50, and pNN50 showed a faster recovery due to the costume, meanwhile, the LFRR index of sympathetic modulation of the heart, as well as LF:HF ratio and BRS alpha index (αLF) were augmented in control than in garment condition. When athletes wore the swimsuit, cardiac output was increased and the returning of the blood to the heart, investigated as stroke volume, was kept constant due to the reduction of the total peripheral resistances. During control condition, HR was restored back to baseline value 20 minutes later with respect to garment condition, confirming that the swimsuit recover faster. The effectiveness of the swimsuit on ANS activity after a maximal aerobic performance has been shown with a greater recovery in terms of HRV and hemodynamic parameters. BRS was reduced in both conditions, maybe due to prolonged vasodilatation that may have also influenced the post-exercise hypotension.