HTS dc transmission and distribution: concepts, applications and benefits

The advantages of using HTS cables for dc transmission and distribution are quantitatively investigated. 2G-HTS cables with LN2 cooling are considered. MgB2 cables with LH2 cooling or with two stages LH2/ LN2 cooling are considered as well. A design procedure is first set up to arrive at the sizing of the cryopipes in order as to have a realistic estimation of the cooling power required. Losses and right of way of HTS cables are calculated and compared with those of conventional solutions by following a system approach, which takes into account the possible different power architectures of the two cases. Cost comparison is also carried out. Bulk energy transmission by means of HTS HVDC link is dealt with. Feasibility of medium voltage HTS dc connection of a large offshore wind park is assessed. Finally, low voltage HTS dc distribution for data centers, aluminum smelters and ships is investigated.