Bifidobacteria are an important commensal group of the gut microbiota of animals. They belong to key bacterial groups playing symbiotic and probiotic role promoting health activities for the host. The distribution of bifidobacterial species in non human primates is currently poorly investigated. The occurrence of bifidobacterial species in animals is characterized by a peculiar trend where there is a cluster of species typical for non primates animals and a different cluster typical of man (human primates). Recently 5 new bifidobacterial species have been isolate from non-human primates such as new world monkeys (common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus L., and red-handed tamarin, Saguinus midas L.). Due to the novelty of these species they cannot be assigned to any bifidobacterial species cluster. Studies currently under development in our lab show that bifidobacterial isolates from Orangutan and Chimpanzee belong to human primates bifidobacteria cluster: this is in agreement with the strict evolutionary link between hominoids monkey such as Orangutan and Chimpanzee and humans. The aim of the present study is to investigate the biodiversity of bifidobacterial species in primates more distant to human from an evolutionary point of view such as common marmoset, New World monkey, in order to establish where does the bifurcation between the two bifidobacterial cluster can occur. Fecal samples were collected from 5 infants of common marmoset. Colony counts and isolation of bifidobacteria were performed in mTPY (modified TPY) as describe by Rada & Petr (2000). The isolates were tested for the activity of fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase (F6PPK) according to Biavati and Mattarelli (2012). Rep-PCR using primer BOXAR1 (Masco et al., 2009) was conducted and the isolates were grouped using R software (Ishii et al., 2009). For the species identification, the 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing of one representative strain from each obtained group were performed. Bifidobacteria were isolated from all sampled animals. The faecal Bifidobacterium spp. counts ranged from 9.15 to 9.48 log10 CFU/g in infant common marmosets.. The analysis of BOX profiles reveled richness of species which, basing on the rep-PCR analysis, formed 29 groups. Sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA gene are currently on going and partial results revealed that one of the most representative strains is a novel species: it is not closely related to known Bifidobacterium species as its high sequencing similarity shared 96% to B. scardovii while values <96% with other Bifidobacterium species.
Bifidobacteria in gut microbiota of Callithrix jacchus L. (marmoset): their relationship with primate and non primate bifdobacterial microbial ecology
MICHELINI, SAMANTA;MODESTO, MONICA MARIANNA;STENICO, VERENA;BAFFONI, LOREDANA;MATTARELLI, PAOLA
2013
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are an important commensal group of the gut microbiota of animals. They belong to key bacterial groups playing symbiotic and probiotic role promoting health activities for the host. The distribution of bifidobacterial species in non human primates is currently poorly investigated. The occurrence of bifidobacterial species in animals is characterized by a peculiar trend where there is a cluster of species typical for non primates animals and a different cluster typical of man (human primates). Recently 5 new bifidobacterial species have been isolate from non-human primates such as new world monkeys (common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus L., and red-handed tamarin, Saguinus midas L.). Due to the novelty of these species they cannot be assigned to any bifidobacterial species cluster. Studies currently under development in our lab show that bifidobacterial isolates from Orangutan and Chimpanzee belong to human primates bifidobacteria cluster: this is in agreement with the strict evolutionary link between hominoids monkey such as Orangutan and Chimpanzee and humans. The aim of the present study is to investigate the biodiversity of bifidobacterial species in primates more distant to human from an evolutionary point of view such as common marmoset, New World monkey, in order to establish where does the bifurcation between the two bifidobacterial cluster can occur. Fecal samples were collected from 5 infants of common marmoset. Colony counts and isolation of bifidobacteria were performed in mTPY (modified TPY) as describe by Rada & Petr (2000). The isolates were tested for the activity of fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase (F6PPK) according to Biavati and Mattarelli (2012). Rep-PCR using primer BOXAR1 (Masco et al., 2009) was conducted and the isolates were grouped using R software (Ishii et al., 2009). For the species identification, the 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing of one representative strain from each obtained group were performed. Bifidobacteria were isolated from all sampled animals. The faecal Bifidobacterium spp. counts ranged from 9.15 to 9.48 log10 CFU/g in infant common marmosets.. The analysis of BOX profiles reveled richness of species which, basing on the rep-PCR analysis, formed 29 groups. Sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA gene are currently on going and partial results revealed that one of the most representative strains is a novel species: it is not closely related to known Bifidobacterium species as its high sequencing similarity shared 96% to B. scardovii while values <96% with other Bifidobacterium species.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
