Case study: myopathy of the gracilis muscle in three german shepherd dogs

Myopathy of the gracilis muscle in 3 German Sheperd dogs resulted in hyperflexion and inwards rotation of the tarsus. A taut, firm band was palpable in the caudo-medial aspect of the thigh. Increased radiopacity was observed between muscle and the lower tendon junction. Ultrasound revealed a normal or slightly echogenic muscle whereas electromyography showed normal or spontaneous activity. Biopsies revealed a fibrous cord along the muscles caudal border and histopathology showed replacement of degenerating myofibers with connective tissue. The findings were consistent with primary myopathy due to polyphasic muscular damage (degeneration, segmental necrosis, phagocitosis, and fibrosis). After surgery, the animals had a normal gait, but lameness recurred months later.