Sensing and Communication Optimal Trade-off for MIMO Bistatic Systems

To enable mobile perceptive networks, two critical components are essential: the adoption of bistatic configurations that eliminate the need for full-duplex technology and the development of methodologies to balance localization and communication functionalities under respective constraints. Addressing these challenges, this work investigates a joint sensing communication (JSC) multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) system employing a bistatic sensing configuration for target localization. We develop an analytical framework to derive both exact and low-complexity suboptimal solutions for the beamforming weight vector, minimizing localization error while adhering to communication and power constraints. This framework establishes fundamental limits for JSC MIMO systems operating in bistatic mode, offering valuable insights into target localization performance as a function of the required communication signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Numerical results validate the proposed methodology, demonstrating its effectiveness in optimizing sensing performance across a specified area of interest while maintaining compliance with communication constraints for users.