From ancient genomes to modern conservation: an Atlantic bluefin tuna case study

The Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus, ABFT) has been heavily exploited for centuries, yet its full genomic response to human impact remains poorly understood. A recent whole-genome study (Andrews et al., under review) revealed that ABFT experienced a demographic decline as early as 1900, coinciding with a small but significant increase in homozygosity, suggesting genetic erosion. Building on these findings, this project will enhance sequencing depth for the ~45 modern and ~45 ancient samples (the latterT dating back up to 3000 BC) from the already mentioned study. Higher-resolution sequencing will enable a detailed investigation of non-neutral genomic variation. Our objectives include estimating genetic load, identifying signatures of human-driven adaptation, and developing predictive models of ABFT population dynamics. By integrating genomic, environmental, and fishery data, this study will refine our understanding of ABFT resilience and adaptation, offering critical insights for conservation and sustainable management.