Stabilizing effect of generic anomalous diffusion independent of the Rayleigh number

This work investigates the influence of a generic anomalous diffusion model on mass convection in a fluid-saturated porous medium, focusing on superdiffusive regimes. A mathematical model is developed, and stability analyses – both linear and nonlinear – are performed. Results demonstrate that the specific form of the time function describing anomalous diffusion significantly affects system stability, allowing stability to persist beyond the classical Rayleigh–Bénard neutral threshold. Furthermore, transient perturbation growth is observed under certain conditions, followed by eventual decay. The paper systematically examines various memory functions, including power-law, exponential, and logarithmic forms, highlighting their impact on the dynamics of disturbances. The findings underscore the importance of anomalous diffusion in modulating stability and provide new insights into the transient behaviours induced by non-Fickian mass transport.