The article gives an overview of the main contemporary Iranian thinkers who reflect on Persian national identity, particularly in relation to Islam and the Western world. They can be divided into three main currents: those who seek a return to the 'glory' of the pre-Islamic imperial past, re-evaluating the monarchical ideology between the 19th and 20th centuries of the last Qājār kings and especially of the two Pahlavī rulers; those who believe that Persian identity is predominantly shaped by Islamic culture, an idea that developed around the Islamic revolution of 1979; and finally a third group that more moderately supports the multilateral aspect of Persian culture and its national identity, an idea that developed particularly after the Islamic revolution. Both extremist and more moderate attitudes, however, share a certain identity crisis mainly due to the urgency of historical instances and contingent realities, which led Iranian thinkers to a kind of selfanalysis and close confrontation with the Other (the Arab, the European).
L’articolo offre una panoramica sui principali pensatori contemporanei iraniani che riflettono sull’identità nazionale persiana, in particolare in relazione all’Islam e al mondo occidentale. Essi sono classificabili in tre principali correnti: coloro che aspirano a un ritorno alle “glorie” del passato imperiale preislamico, rivalutando tra Ottocento e Novecento l’ideologia monarchica degli ultimi re Qājār e soprattutto dei due sovrani Pahlavī; coloro che pensano che l’identità persiana sia stata forgiata prevalentemente dalla cultura islamica, idea sviluppata intorno alla rivoluzione islamica del 1979; infine, un terzo gruppo che sostiene, più moderatamente, l’aspetto multilaterale o poliedrico della cultura persiana e della sua identità nazionale, pensiero sviluppato in particolare dopo la rivoluzione islamica. Sia negli atteggiamenti estremisti sia in quelli più moderati, emerge comunque una certa crisi identitaria dovuta soprattutto all’urgenza delle istanze storiche e delle realtà contingenti, che hanno indotto i pensatori iraniani ad una sorta di estenuante autoanalisi e di confronto serrato con l’Altro (l’arabo, l’europeo).
Norozi, N. (2025). La crisi identitaria nazionale nello specchio dell’Altro secondo i pensatori iraniani dei secoli XIX-XX. DIVE-IN, 5(1), 99-121 [10.6092/issn.2785-3233/22039].
La crisi identitaria nazionale nello specchio dell’Altro secondo i pensatori iraniani dei secoli XIX-XX
Nahid Norozi
2025
Abstract
The article gives an overview of the main contemporary Iranian thinkers who reflect on Persian national identity, particularly in relation to Islam and the Western world. They can be divided into three main currents: those who seek a return to the 'glory' of the pre-Islamic imperial past, re-evaluating the monarchical ideology between the 19th and 20th centuries of the last Qājār kings and especially of the two Pahlavī rulers; those who believe that Persian identity is predominantly shaped by Islamic culture, an idea that developed around the Islamic revolution of 1979; and finally a third group that more moderately supports the multilateral aspect of Persian culture and its national identity, an idea that developed particularly after the Islamic revolution. Both extremist and more moderate attitudes, however, share a certain identity crisis mainly due to the urgency of historical instances and contingent realities, which led Iranian thinkers to a kind of selfanalysis and close confrontation with the Other (the Arab, the European).| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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