SVILUPPO ED EVOLUZIONE DELLA TEORIA DELLA TRADUZIONE IN UNIONE SOVIETICA: UN’INTRODUZIONE

The article presents the Italian translation of six Russian essays on translation theory, whilst simultaneously offering an overview of the evolution of this science in the Soviet Union. It highlights how Gumilev’s 1919 contribution, which was one of the earliest theoretical works dedicated to literary translation in Russia, laid the foundation for the linguistic paradigm of translation science articulated by Fedorov in 1953. Schweitzer’s 1970 essay further developed this framework by incorporating both pragmatic and functional dimensions, and adopting a multidisciplinary approach. During the same year, Etkind expressed his hopes for the development of an approach to translation based on comparative stylistics that would combine both linguistics and literature. The collection also includes two contemporary essays: Bagno 2016 which examines translation as a creative refuge for writers as of the 1920s, and Garbovsky 2016 which provides a critical synthesis of the concept of equivalence as theorized by key figures such as Schweitzer, Komissarov, and Gak.