Near-Field Localization of Vehicles Based on V2X Sidelink Communication

In this paper we investigate near-field localization of vehicles using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) sidelink communication signals. To this purpose, we consider the use of a large uniform linear array at the receiving vehicle side, to infer the position (i.e., the range and the angle-of-arrival) of a nearby vehicle transmitting its data packet through V2X sidelink. This allows the receiver to build a map of all the connected transmitting vehicles in the surroundings, as required by future applications such as automated driving and platooning. The performance of the proposed technique is characterized in terms of fundamental limits on the range/angle estimation accuracy using the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB), showing that high-accuracy, low-latency, and high availability of position information are achievable in realistic vehicular scenarios.