Effectiveness of High-Velocity Low-Amplitude Manipulation in the Treatment of Ankle Joint Dysfunction: A Comprehensive Review

Background. Ankle joint manipulation is a commonly used intervention in orthopedic and rehabilitation settings. Its efficacy in improving the range of motion, reducing pain, and enhancing functional performance is a subject of ongoing research. Aim. To synthesize the current evidence on the effectiveness of ankle manipulation across various patient populations. Methods. Four studies have been analyzed, each focusing on different populations including healthy individuals, elite athletes, and those with chronic ankle instability. The interventions varied from high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) manipulations to manual therapy techniques. Outcomes measured included dorsiflexion range, vertical jump height, ankle stability, pain, and functional scores. Results. The studies presented mixed results. Two studies showed significant improvements in ankle function and pain reduction post-manipulation, while the others reported minimal or no significant changes compared to control groups. Variations in intervention techniques, population characteristics, and outcome measures contributed to the diverse findings. Conclusions. Ankle joint manipulation shows potential benefits in certain scenarios, particularly in improving functional outcomes and reducing pain. However, the inconsistency in results across different studies highlights the need for more standardized research protocols. This would enable a more definitive understanding of the efficacy of ankle manipulation and guide its application in clinical practice.