The usage of comparative advertising has become a common phenomenon within the field of commercials. The common trend within Western legal systems is to encourage free competition and the consumer’s welfare, and comparative advertising is deemed as a useful tool to achieve such aims, but under certain conditions. However, the U.S. legal system – allowing the so-called puffery defence – differs from that of European Countries whereby there is a dichotomy between the orientation of the European Institutions, and that of the national Tribunals. The topic is even more interesting due to the primary role played by the social media and, in particular, by the social media influencers: indeed, the turnover generated by this peculiar form of dvertisement has reached unexpected figures. Such phenomenon tests the adequacy of the remedies set forth by the legal systems, towards both consumers and competitors, as well as of the provisions aimed at ruling the activities (and liabilities) of the digital platforms. In a frame of a comparative perspective, the current matter is of a particular significance because it embraces several paradigmatic features, highlighted since long time by comparatists, such as distinguishing between theoretical statements and operational rules; the activity of different legal formants; and, moreover, the influence – frequently in a crypto-typical form – of cultural, economic and social factors.
Il ricorso alla pubblicità comparativa è divenuto un fenomeno molto comune nel contesto delle comunicazioni commerciali e degli annunci pubblicitari. La tendenza comune negli ordinamenti occidentali è oramai quella di favorire la libera concorrenza e il benessere dei consumatori, e la pubblicità comparativa è vista come uno strumento utile per conseguire tali obiettivi, purché entro limiti determinati. Tuttavia, il modello statunitense – in cui è tradizionalmente ammesso il ricorso alla cd. puffery defence – differisce da quello dei Paesi europei, all’interno dei quali si assiste a una dicotomia tra orientamento delle Istituzioni europee e quello dei Giudici nazionali. Il tema è reso ancora più interessante in virtù del ruolo di primo piano assunto dai social media, e in particolare dai cd. social media influencers: infatti, il volume di affari generato da questa peculiare forma di pubblicità ha raggiunto dimensioni assolutamente notevoli. Tale fenomeno mette quindi alla prova l’adeguatezza delle tutele approntate dai singoli sistemi, tanto nei confronti dei consumatori quanto delle imprese concorrenti, oltreché della disciplina finalizzata a regolamentare l’attività (e le responsabilità) delle piattaforme digitali. In prospettiva comparata il tema in esame assume dunque particolare rilievo, perché in esso si ravvisano alcuni fenomeni paradigmatici, da tempo posti in luce dagli studi di diritto comparato, quali la dissociazione tra enunciazioni teoretiche e regole operazionali, l’operatività di formanti diversi e, soprattutto, l’influenza – sovente crittotipica – di fattori culturali, economici e sociali.
Laura Maria Franciosi (2024). Disciplina della pubblicità comparativa e ruolo degli influencers in prospettiva comparata. ARCHIVIO GIURIDICO FILIPPO SERAFINI, III(1), 118-163.
Disciplina della pubblicità comparativa e ruolo degli influencers in prospettiva comparata
Laura Maria Franciosi
2024
Abstract
The usage of comparative advertising has become a common phenomenon within the field of commercials. The common trend within Western legal systems is to encourage free competition and the consumer’s welfare, and comparative advertising is deemed as a useful tool to achieve such aims, but under certain conditions. However, the U.S. legal system – allowing the so-called puffery defence – differs from that of European Countries whereby there is a dichotomy between the orientation of the European Institutions, and that of the national Tribunals. The topic is even more interesting due to the primary role played by the social media and, in particular, by the social media influencers: indeed, the turnover generated by this peculiar form of dvertisement has reached unexpected figures. Such phenomenon tests the adequacy of the remedies set forth by the legal systems, towards both consumers and competitors, as well as of the provisions aimed at ruling the activities (and liabilities) of the digital platforms. In a frame of a comparative perspective, the current matter is of a particular significance because it embraces several paradigmatic features, highlighted since long time by comparatists, such as distinguishing between theoretical statements and operational rules; the activity of different legal formants; and, moreover, the influence – frequently in a crypto-typical form – of cultural, economic and social factors.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.