Current Problems of Water Supply and Usage in Central Asia, Tian Shan Basin

The paper focuses on analysis of Central Asian hydro- energetic system and water usage in Tian Shan region. Tian Shan system is an important water resource in Central Asia: river waters are intensely taken for hydropower energy, urban systems, irrigation. But geopolitics in Tian Shan is difficult: it crosses five densely populated countries. The problem consists in water delivery between countries located in the highlands with excellent water supply (Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan) and those located in valleys with water shortage (Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan). The water use causes debates among these countries. Besides, global warming causes water deficit, which adds difficulties to hydro- energetics. A multidisciplinary analysis was performed in the article: water supply in Tian Shan, spatial distribution of hydro- energetic resources and effects of climate impact were analysed.