Recent progress for hydrogen production from ammonia and hydrous hydrazine decomposition: A review on heterogeneous catalysts

In response to the growing trend of greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of conventional fuels, COx free hydrogen generation is introduced as an alternative and efficient energy carrier. Due to hydrogen's storage challenges, is more efficient to be produced on-site by other chemical compounds for fuel cell applications. This work outlines the production of hydrogen (H-2) from ammonia (NH3) and hydrous hydrazine (N2H4 center dot H2O) catalytic decomposition. Both substances are giving nitrogen (N-2) as a by-product, which is not toxic. Moreover, heterogeneous catalysts that were studied through the years are presented. Lastly, a reactoristic view of the ammonia decomposition is provided with different reactors such as catalytic membrane reactors (CMRs), fixed-bed reactors (FBRs) and micro-reactors (MRs) for the evaluation of their performance.