Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most frequent type of dementia in elderly people. Two major forms of the disease exist: sporadic-the causes of which have not yet been fully understood -and familial-inherited within families from generation to generation, with a clear autosomal dominant transmission of mutations in Presenilin 1 (PSEN1), 2 (PSEN2) or Amyloid Precursors Protein (APP) genes. The main hallmark of AD consists of extra -cellular deposits of amyloid-beta (A beta) peptide and intracellular deposits of the hyperphosphorylated form of the tau protein. An ever-growing body of research supports the viral infectious hypothesis of sporadic forms of AD. In particular, it has been shown that several herpes viruses (i.e., HHV-1, HHV-2, HHV-3 or varicella zoster virus, HHV-4 or Epstein Barr virus, HHV-5 or cytomegalovirus, HHV-6A and B, HHV-7), flaviviruses (i.e., Zika virus, Dengue fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus) as well as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), hepatitis viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV), SARS-CoV2, Ljungan virus (LV), Influenza A virus and Borna disease virus, could increase the risk of AD. Here, we summarized and discussed these results. Based on these findings, sig-nificant issues for future studies are also put forward.
Alzheimer's disease as a viral disease: Revisiting the infectious hypothesis / Bruno, Francesco; Abondio, Paolo; Bruno, Rossella; Ceraudo, Leognano; Paparazzo, Ersilia; Citrigno, Luigi; Luiselli, Donata; Bruni, Amalia C; Passarino, Giuseppe; Colao, Rosanna; Maletta, Raffaele; Montesanto, Alberto. - In: AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS. - ISSN 1872-9649. - ELETTRONICO. - 91:(2023), pp. 102068.1-102068.21. [10.1016/j.arr.2023.102068]
Alzheimer's disease as a viral disease: Revisiting the infectious hypothesis
Abondio, Paolo
Co-primo
;Luiselli, Donata;
2023
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most frequent type of dementia in elderly people. Two major forms of the disease exist: sporadic-the causes of which have not yet been fully understood -and familial-inherited within families from generation to generation, with a clear autosomal dominant transmission of mutations in Presenilin 1 (PSEN1), 2 (PSEN2) or Amyloid Precursors Protein (APP) genes. The main hallmark of AD consists of extra -cellular deposits of amyloid-beta (A beta) peptide and intracellular deposits of the hyperphosphorylated form of the tau protein. An ever-growing body of research supports the viral infectious hypothesis of sporadic forms of AD. In particular, it has been shown that several herpes viruses (i.e., HHV-1, HHV-2, HHV-3 or varicella zoster virus, HHV-4 or Epstein Barr virus, HHV-5 or cytomegalovirus, HHV-6A and B, HHV-7), flaviviruses (i.e., Zika virus, Dengue fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus) as well as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), hepatitis viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV), SARS-CoV2, Ljungan virus (LV), Influenza A virus and Borna disease virus, could increase the risk of AD. Here, we summarized and discussed these results. Based on these findings, sig-nificant issues for future studies are also put forward.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.