Joint Sensing and Communication with Multiple Antennas and Bistatic Configuration

The optimal trade-off between sensing and commu- nication in perceptive networks is gaining importance. However, many studies consider the mono-static radar configuration and evaluate the sensing performance in terms of detection prob- ability and/or angle of arrival (AoA) estimation accuracy of the target. In this work, we investigate a joint sensing and communication (JSC) system with a bistatic sensing configuration where two different base stations (BSs) jointly perform the sensing task while ensuring communication with their user equipments (UEs) exploiting multiple antennas at both ends. In particular, we consider a scenario where the transmitter uses beamforming to accommodate communication and sensing functionalities. In this setting, we derive a closed-form expression for the Cram´er-Rao Bound (CRB) of target position estimation, which reveals the relationship with system parameters, scenario geometry, and the beamforming vector. The CRB is then used to analyze the JSC trade-off and to design the corresponding beamforming at the transmitter. Finally, numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed solution.