Ethnographic data represent a particularly interesting factor of comparative analysis in ancient navigation studies and, in a more general sense, for the culture of seafaring peoples, especially about rituals and beliefs of sailors and fishermen. A critical reading is necessary, since some aspects of nautical ethnography present themselves as true living fossils, i.e. as technical and practical solutions directly derived from antiquity, while others have undergone forms of substantial evolution over time, with contributions and transformations referable to different chronologies and contexts. Furthermore, we must always bear in mind the fact that the imperatives due to the marine environment have determined essential responses to essential needs, which may reappear in similar forms in time and space, without any direct relationship between them, at least as long as man has tackled the sea without engine, that is, until the demise of the sail. By means of four real examples, this article considers both the properly nautical aspect, linked to two systems used to cope with storms, and that linked to the symbolic elements through which the feelings of seafarers towards their boats were expressed.
Il dato etnografico rappresenta un elemento di analisi comparativa particolarmente interessante per lo studio della nautica antica e, in senso più generale, per la cultura delle genti di mare, soprattutto in relazione alla ritualità e alle credenze dei naviganti e dei pescatori. Evidentemente si rende necessaria una lettura critica, dal momento che alcuni aspetti dell’etnografia nautica si presentano come dei veri e propri fossili viventi, ovvero come soluzioni tecniche e pratiche direttamente derivate dall’antichità, mentre altri hanno conosciuto forme di sostanziale evoluzione nel corso del tempo, con apporti e trasformazioni riferibili a cronologie e contesti diversi. Inoltre, dovremo sempre tener presente il fatto che gli imperativi dettati dall’ambiente marino hanno determinato risposte essenziali ad esigenze essenziali, che possono ricomparire in forme simili nel tempo e nello spazio, senza che tra loro vi sia relazione diretta, per lo meno finché l’uomo ha affrontato il mare senza il motore, ovvero fino al tramonto della vela. Attraverso quattro esempi concreti, in questo contributo vengono considerati sia l’aspetto propriamente nautico, legato a due sistemi impiegati per affrontare le tempeste, sia quello legato agli elementi simbolici attraverso cui si esprimevano i sentimenti delle genti di mare nei confronti delle proprie imbarcazioni.
Stefano Medas (2023). Elementi di nautica antica, tra archeologia, storia ed etnografia. BYRSA, 43-44, 185-210.
Elementi di nautica antica, tra archeologia, storia ed etnografia
Stefano Medas
2023
Abstract
Ethnographic data represent a particularly interesting factor of comparative analysis in ancient navigation studies and, in a more general sense, for the culture of seafaring peoples, especially about rituals and beliefs of sailors and fishermen. A critical reading is necessary, since some aspects of nautical ethnography present themselves as true living fossils, i.e. as technical and practical solutions directly derived from antiquity, while others have undergone forms of substantial evolution over time, with contributions and transformations referable to different chronologies and contexts. Furthermore, we must always bear in mind the fact that the imperatives due to the marine environment have determined essential responses to essential needs, which may reappear in similar forms in time and space, without any direct relationship between them, at least as long as man has tackled the sea without engine, that is, until the demise of the sail. By means of four real examples, this article considers both the properly nautical aspect, linked to two systems used to cope with storms, and that linked to the symbolic elements through which the feelings of seafarers towards their boats were expressed.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.