Intelligent Surface Empowered Sensing and Communication: A Novel Mutual Assistance Design

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising paradigm to provide both sensing and communication (S & C) services in vehicular networks. However, the power of echo signals reflected from vehicles may be too weak to be used for future precise positioning, due to the practically small radar cross section of vehicles with random reflection/scattering coefficient. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel mutual assistance scheme for intelligent surface-mounted vehicles, where S & C are innovatively designed to assist each other for achieving an efficient win-win integration, i.e., sensing-assisted phase shift design and communication-assisted high-precision sensing. Specifically, we first derive closed-form expressions of the expected echo power and achievable rate under uncertain angle information. Then, the communication rate is maximized while satisfying sensing requirements, which is proved to be a monotonic optimization problem on time allocation. Furthermore, we unveil the feasible condition of the problem and propose a polyblock-based optimal algorithm. Simulation results validate that the performance trade-off bound of S & C is significantly enlarged by exploiting mutual assistance.