Measurement of the J/ψ Polarization with Respect to the Event Plane in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC

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doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.042303

We study the polarization of inclusive J/ψ produced in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02 TeV at the LHC in the dimuon channel, via the measurement of the angular distribution of its decay products. We perform the study in the rapidity region 2.5<4, for three transverse momentum intervals (2<4, 4<6, 6<10 GeV/c) and as a function of the centrality of the collision for 2<6 GeV/c. For the first time, the polarization is measured with respect to the event plane of the collision, by considering the angle between the positive-charge decay muon in the J/ψ rest frame and the axis perpendicular to the event-plane vector in the laboratory system. A small transverse polarization is measured, with a significance reaching 3.9σ at low p_{T} and for intermediate centrality values. The polarization could be connected with the behavior of the quark-gluon plasma, formed in Pb-Pb collisions, as a rotating fluid with large vorticity, as well as with the existence of a strong magnetic field in the early stage of its formation.

Acharya, S., Adamová, D., Adler, A., Aglieri Rinella, G., Agnello, M., Agrawal, N., et al. (2023). Measurement of the J/ψ Polarization with Respect to the Event Plane in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 131(4), 1-13 [10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.042303].