High-Performance Applications of Metals and Alloys: Material Properties, Behaviour Modeling, Optimal Design and Advanced Processes

Metals have played an immensely significant role throughout the history of humanity, to the extent that different periods of human development have been marked by the dominance of specific materials, such as the Bronze Age and the Iron Age. Over the centuries, countless discoveries and improvements have been made in the realm of materials, shaping the progress of civilizations. However, in relatively recent times, a notable shift has been observed in the relationship between humankind and metals. While the growth of human civilization has historically been deeply intertwined with the exploitation of metals, an intriguing transformation has been taking place. The convenience and advantages of metals compared to emerging families of unconventional materials, such as plastics and reinforced composites, are increasingly being questioned. Researchers and technologists have, in recent years, devoted considerable attention to reducing or eliminating metal materials in product design and manufacturing processes in favor of these alternatives. Despite this movement towards exploring novel materials, metals have not only endured but have thrived even more in our lives. The key to their continued relevance lies in their unparalleled ability to evolve and adapt. This Special Issue takes a closer look at the recent evolution of metals and alloys, highlighting their state-of-the-art applications and solutions that have firmly established metallic materials as successful design solutions thanks to their unique properties. The present issue is dedicated to exploring the high-performance applications of metals and their alloys, delving into their exceptional material properties, behavior models, optimal use in design, and the cutting-edge processes that drive their advancements. Metals have long been celebrated for their remarkable mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, making them the go-to choice for a wide range of high-performance applications. From the aerospace industry, where lightweight yet strong materials are indispensable, to the automotive sector, where the pursuit of fuel efficiency and safety demands innovative solutions, metals continue to play a vital role in shaping modern technologies and engineering marvels. One of the critical areas of focus in this issue is the in-depth analysis of material properties. Researchers and engineers continually push the boundaries of understanding the fundamental characteristics of metals and their alloys. This includes investigating mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, fatigue resistance, and thermal and electrical conductivity. A comprehensive understanding of these properties is essential in optimizing the performance of metallic materials in specific applications.