Vestibular rehabilitation in patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness: a scoping review

Objective: In 2017, the Committee for Classification of Vestibular Disorders of the Bárány Society unified four dizziness disorders under the definition of persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD). Currently, the efficacy of vestibular training (VR) in treating patients with PPPD is still under debate. The aim of this scoping review is to evaluate the possible clinical application of VR alone or in combination with other therapy in patients with PPPD. Methods: Electronic databases searched in May 2021 were PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and Physiotherapy Evidence Database and the data selection was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR extension for scoping reviews. Results: Electronic searches identified 41 studies and after the selection process 7 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. We reported a narrative summary of results and presented the overall clinical parameters and outcomes of all included studies in a tabular format. Conclusion: An accurate instrumental assessment of the vestibular function is needed to guide the clinical reasoning in the management of patients with PPPD. Considering the lack of RCTs, a consensus is needed to develop a shared and robust framework to find the best rehabilitative treatment for individuals with PPPD.