An Experimental Methodology for the 3D Virtual Reconstruction of Never Built or Lost Architecture

This paper proposes a methodology to rationalize the process of recon- struction of no more existing or designed but never built architectures. The method- ology focuses on the following aspects of the hypothetical digital 3D reconstruc- tions: sources (e.g., gathering, use, documentation), representation method (e.g., geometry, scale, segmentation, 3D modelling), and visualization (e.g., textures, light, point of view, projection method). The method was thought to be as objec- tive, clear, transparent, and reproducible as possible, and it aims to generate 3D digital reconstructions of comparable quality and reusable in various scenarios. It was put to test for several years at the architectural drawing courses of the University of Bologna; one hundred students per class each academic year. The methodology presented is based on an iterative process of calibration of input and outputs based on annual trials. The 3D models constructed were archived in a repository and the retrospective annual assessment fostered critical observations. On the one hand, the method produces, in most cases, comparable, traceable, and reusable models for various purposes (e.g., visualization, semantic analysis, geo- metrical study, historical study, 3D printing, virtual exploration, etc.). On the other hand, the methodology aims to improve learning and foster architectural cultural heritage knowledge.