On the Performance of the IEEE 802.11p/bd Sensing Procedure under Co-channel C-V2X Interference

On the path towards fully connected and automated vehicles, two sets of technologies are under consideration for enabling short-range vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications within the intelligent transport system (ITS) band around 5.9 GHz. The first group of technologies includes IEEE 802.11p plus its upcoming evolution IEEE 802.11bd. The second group includes the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP)-defined sidelink cellular-V2X (C-V2X) standards. However, the coexistence of these technologies and the resulting interference pose new challenges for guaranteeing reliable operation in emerging vehicular networks. In this work, we investigate the impact of the interference resulting from C-V2X transmission on the sensing procedure of IEEE 802.11p/bd. To this end, we develop a detection framework based on clear channel assessment (CCA) mechanism in the IEEE 802.//p/bd network under the assumption of Rayleigh distribution channel fading; where we employed stochastic geometry and the characteristic function approach. It is shown through analytical evaluations that a lower threshold than the one defined in the specifications could better cope with the received interference without sensibly increasing the impact of false alarms.