Swine enteric diseases are characterized by multiple infections which are responsible for complex pattern of disease, and often it is not easy to objectify the etiology. Histopathology can aid in diagnosis by allowing co-localization of the causative agent within the lesions it produces. The preliminary results of a diagnostic pathway for Lawsonia intracellularis (LI) infection are presented. Caseload is from 3 contexts: 1) clinical cases of disease, 2) enteric disease with sampling on the farm or 3) sampling at the slaughterhouse in case of suspicion of subclinical forms. Immunohistochemical investigation (IHC) to PCV2 was also made. The diagnostic pathway involves an initial screening with qualitative PCR for LI to select those cases to be confi rmed by histology (evidence of ileum’s crypts hyperplasia) and IHC (presence of LI). The observed agreement between the 2 methods was 70,0%; diagnosis was confi rmed in 2/2 clinical cases, 6/17 cases with enteric disease and 4/11 cases selected at the slaughterhouse that were preliminarily positive on PCR. The parallel investigation to PCV2 was able to highlight lymphocyte depletion in Peyers patches and moderate to mild positivity to PCV2 in 1/2 clinical cases and 2/17 cases with enteric disease, respectively. It is plausible that the action of pathogens capable of seriously impacting the functionality of the immune system might be responsible for more serious forms of disease, increasing the pathogenicity of the other agents involved. The application of ad hoc diagnostic protocols is essential to make a conclusive diagnosis that allows the implementation of targeted control and prophylaxis measures.
Le patologie enteriche del suino sono caratterizzate da infezioni multiple che provocano modelli clinici complessi in cui non è facile oggettivare l’eziologia. L’istologia può contribuire alla diagnosi co-localizzando l’agente eziologico all’interno delle lesioni che produce. Nell’ambito della valutazione preliminare di un percorso diagnostico per Lawsonia intracellularis (LI), sono stati esaminati 3 tipologie di campioni: a) casi clinici di malattia, b) campioni prelevati in azienda da soggetti con sindrome enterica e c) campioni prelevati al macello in caso di sospetto di presenza di forme subcliniche. Il percorso diagnostico ha previsto uno screening iniziale con PCR qualitativa per LI per selezionare i casi da sottoporre a conferma mediante istologia (evidenza di iperplasia delle cripte dell’ileo) ed IHC (presenza di LI). L’accordo osservato fra i risultati dei 2 metodi è risultato del 70,0%; si è confermato il percorso diagnostico in 2/2 casi clinici, 6/17 casi con sindrome enterica suggestiva di enteropatia proliferativa (PE), 4/11 casi con sospetto di forma subclinica campionati al macello, tutti risultati preliminarmente positivi alla PCR. Sui campioni è stata condotta anche l’indagine immunoistochimica (IHC) per PCV2 che ha permesso di evidenziare deplezione linfocitaria nelle placche del Peyer e da moderata a lieve positività per PCV2 rispettivamente in 1/2 casi clinici e in 2/17 casi con sindrome enterica. È plausibile che forme gravi di patologia enterica possano essere correlate all’azione di patogeni in grado di impattare gravemente sulla funzionalità del sistema immunitario condizionando la patogenicità degli altri agenti in gioco. Risulta fondamentale l’applicazione di protocolli diagnostici ad hoc che conducano ad una diagnosi conclusiva permettendo l’impiego di misure di controllo e profi lassi mirate.
D’Annunzio Giulia, O.F. (2022). Indagini in situ sulla patologia intestinale del suino: risultati preliminari da un percorso diagnostico per Lawsonia intracellularis. Litografi a La Ducale Srl in Parma.
Indagini in situ sulla patologia intestinale del suino: risultati preliminari da un percorso diagnostico per Lawsonia intracellularis
D’Annunzio Giulia;Ostanello F.;Mandrioli L.;Sarli G.
2022
Abstract
Swine enteric diseases are characterized by multiple infections which are responsible for complex pattern of disease, and often it is not easy to objectify the etiology. Histopathology can aid in diagnosis by allowing co-localization of the causative agent within the lesions it produces. The preliminary results of a diagnostic pathway for Lawsonia intracellularis (LI) infection are presented. Caseload is from 3 contexts: 1) clinical cases of disease, 2) enteric disease with sampling on the farm or 3) sampling at the slaughterhouse in case of suspicion of subclinical forms. Immunohistochemical investigation (IHC) to PCV2 was also made. The diagnostic pathway involves an initial screening with qualitative PCR for LI to select those cases to be confi rmed by histology (evidence of ileum’s crypts hyperplasia) and IHC (presence of LI). The observed agreement between the 2 methods was 70,0%; diagnosis was confi rmed in 2/2 clinical cases, 6/17 cases with enteric disease and 4/11 cases selected at the slaughterhouse that were preliminarily positive on PCR. The parallel investigation to PCV2 was able to highlight lymphocyte depletion in Peyers patches and moderate to mild positivity to PCV2 in 1/2 clinical cases and 2/17 cases with enteric disease, respectively. It is plausible that the action of pathogens capable of seriously impacting the functionality of the immune system might be responsible for more serious forms of disease, increasing the pathogenicity of the other agents involved. The application of ad hoc diagnostic protocols is essential to make a conclusive diagnosis that allows the implementation of targeted control and prophylaxis measures.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.