Accurate Ranging Exploiting a 32-patch Frequency Diverse Array with Circular Symmetry

In this work an effective solution at millimeter-wave for real-time focusing via Frequency Diverse Arrays (FDAs) is proposed, to be exploited for intentional far-field Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) applications. A confined and precise spot where concentrate the power is obtained by circular concentric frequency diverse array (CCFDA). The system is conceived as a multi-layer structure with the top layer hosting the patches, the microstrip feeding network, located in the bottom layer, directly connected with the radiating elements through metallized via holes. The main drawback offered by the FDAs’ family, i.e. the displacement in time of the main beam, is solved with the exploitation of the time-controlled FDA (TCFDA) technique. The system is theoretically developed and numerically demonstrated by the full-wave analysis of the realistic layout of a multi-layer, 32-element, circularly arranged FDA with a center frequency of 24 GHz. The simulated results of the realistic layout demonstrate that this solution offers unprecedented capabilities in terms of power focusing with respect to the state-of-the-art, capable of capillary transfer of energy in dedicated areas while preserving the rest of the environment.