Cyclic out-of-plane behavior of FRCM-strengthened masonry walls

Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) composite materials represent one of the most interesting retrofitting methods for improving the out-of-plane flexural capacity of masonry walls. Despite their use is becoming more and more widespread, the actual knowledge about the out-of-plane behavior of FRCM-strengthened masonry panels needs further improvements, analyzing in particular the effectiveness of the reinforcement under cyclic loads. In this framework, an innovative experimental set-up, capable of applying a vertical axial load and cyclic out-of-plane horizontal forces on full-scale masonry panels, was used for testing walls retrofitted with glass, aramid-glass, basalt and steel fabrics. The presented experimental study is focused on the analysis of the effectiveness of the different FRCM systems, analyzing in detail failure modes, maximum capacity and the potential performance degradation of the strengthened panels under cyclic actions, providing also a useful comparison with the corresponding monotonic results.