Immune microenvironment features and dynamics in hodgkin lymphoma

Classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cHL) accounts for 10% of all lymphoma diagnosis. The peculiar feature of the disease is the presence of large multinucleated Reed–Sternberg and mononu-clear Hodgkin cells interspersed with a reactive microenvironment (ME). Due to the production of a large number of cytokines, Hodgkin cells (HCs) and Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg cells (HRSCs) attract and favour the expansion of different immune cell populations, modifying their functional status in order to receive prosurvival stimuli and to turn off the antitumour immune response. To this purpose HRSCs shape a biological niche by organizing the spatial distribution of cells in the ME. This review will highlight the contribution of the ME in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cHL and its role as a possible therapeutic target.