Potential applications of multi-sensor remote sensing in rock mass characterization

Remote sensing has become an integral component of rock mass characterization. most research to date, however, has focused on the use of photogrammetry and LiDAR to the mapping of discontinuities with an emphasis on orientation. more recently these techniques have been applied to characterize selected geometric characteristics of discontinuities including persistence, spacing, and roughness. In this paper the authors will demonstrate the potential application of a wide range of remote sensing techniques to both discontinuity and rock mass characterization. Using case studies, a combination of LiDAR, high-resolution photography, thermal, and hyperspectral imaging is used to provide a more comprehensive mapping of rock masses. Potential applications of machine learning in rock mass characterization using remote sensing techniques are also discussed.