Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.
Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations / Bosson J.K.; Jurek P.; Vandello J.A.; Kosakowska-Berezecka N.; Olech M.; Besta T.; Bender M.; Hoorens V.; Becker M.; Timur Sevincer A.; Best D.L.; Safdar S.; Wlodarczyk A.; Zawisza M.; Zadkowska M.; Abuhamdeh S.; Badu Agyemang C.; Akbas G.; Albayrak-Aydemir N.; Ammirati S.; Anderson J.; Anjum G.; Ariyanto A.; Jamir Benzon R. Aruta J.; Ashraf M.; Bakaityte A.; Bertolli C.; Berxulli D.; Bi C.; Block K.; Boehnke M.; Bongiorno R.; Bosak J.; Casini A.; Chen Q.; Chi P.; Cubela Adoric V.; Daalmans S.; Dandy J.; Lemus S.D.; Dhakal S.; Dvorianchikov N.; Egami S.; Etchezahar E.; Sofia Esteves C.; Felix N.; Froehlich L.; Garcia-Sanchez E.; Gavreliuc A.; Gavreliuc D.; Gomez A.; Guizzo F.; Graf S.; Greijdanus H.; Grigoryan A.; Grzymala-Moszczynska J.; Guerch K.; Gustafsson Senden M.; Hale M.-L.; Hamer H.; Hirai M.; Hoang Duc L.; Hrebickova M.; Hutchings P.B.; Hoj Jensen D.; Jasinskaja-Lahti I.; Karabati S.; Kelmendi K.; Kengyel G.; Khachatryan N.; Ghazzawi R.; Kinahan M.; Kirby T.A.; Kovacs M.; Kozlowski D.; Krivoshchekov V.; Kulich C.; Kurosawa T.; Thi Lac An N.; Labarthe J.; Latu I.; Anne Lauri M.; Mankowski E.; Musbau Lawal A.; Li J.; Lindner J.; Lindqvist A.; Maitner A.T.; Makarova E.; Makashvili A.; Malayeri S.; Malik S.; Mancini T.; Manzi C.; Mari S.; Martiny S.E.; Mayer C.-H.; Mihic V.; Milosevic Dordevic J.; Moreno-Bella E.; Moscatelli S.; Bryan Moynihan A.; Muller D.; Narhetali E.; Neto F.; Noels K.A.; Nyul B.; O'Connor E.C.; Ochoa D.P.; Ohno S.; Olanrewaju Adebayo S.; Osborne R.; Giuseppina Pacilli M.; Palacio J.; Patnaik S.; Pavlopoulos V.; Perez de Leon P.; Piterova I.; Barreiros Porto J.; Puzio A.; Pyrkosz-Pacyna J.; Renteria Perez E.; Renstrom E.; Rousseaux T.; Ryan M.K.; Sainz M.; Salvati M.; Samekin A.; Schindler S.; Seydi M.; Shepherd D.; Sherbaji S.; Schmader T.; Simao C.; Sobhie R.; Souza L.D.; Sarter E.; Sulejmanovic D.; Sullivan K.E.; Tatsumi M.; Tavitian-Elmadjian L.; Jain Thakur S.; Thi Mong Chi Q.; Torre B.; Torres A.; Torres C.V.; Turkoglu B.; Ungaretti J.; Valshtein T.; Van Laar C.; van der Noll J.; Vasiutynskyi V.; Vauclair C.-M.; Venalainen S.; Vohra N.; Walentynowicz M.; Ward C.; Yang Y.; Yzerbyt V.; Zanello V.; Ludmila Zapata-Calvente A.; Zukauskiene R.. - In: JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY. - ISSN 0022-0221. - STAMPA. - 52:3(2021), pp. 231-258. [10.1177/0022022121997997]
Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations
Moscatelli S.;
2021
Abstract
Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
