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Background: Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods: For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings: We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation: The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks. Funding: Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme, EU.
Rodriguez-Martinez A., Zhou B., Sophiea M.K., Bentham J., Paciorek C.J., Iurilli M.L., et al. (2020). Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants. THE LANCET, 396(10261), 1511-1524 [10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31859-6].
Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants
Rodriguez-Martinez A.;Zhou B.;Sophiea M. K.;Bentham J.;Paciorek C. J.;Iurilli M. L.;Carrillo-Larco R. M.;Bennett J. E.;Di Cesare M.;Taddei C.;Bixby H.;Stevens G. A.;Riley L. M.;Cowan M. J.;Savin S.;Danaei G.;Chirita-Emandi A.;Kengne A. P.;Khang Y. -H.;Laxmaiah A.;Malekzadeh R.;Miranda J. J.;Moon J. S.;Popovic S. R.;Sorensen T. I.;Soric M.;Starc G.;Zainuddin A. A.;Gregg E. W.;Bhutta Z. A.;Black R.;Abarca-Gomez L.;Abdeen Z. A.;Abdrakhmanova S.;Abdul Ghaffar S.;Abdul Rahim H. F.;Abu-Rmeileh N. M.;Abubakar Garba J.;Acosta-Cazares B.;Adams R. J.;Aekplakorn W.;Afsana K.;Afzal S.;Agdeppa I. A.;Aghazadeh-Attari J.;Aguilar-Salinas C. A.;Agyemang C.;Ahmad M. H.;Ahmad N. A.;Ahmadi A.;Ahmadi N.;Ahmed S. H.;Ahrens W.;Aitmurzaeva G.;Ajlouni K.;Al-Hazzaa H. M.;Al-Othman A. R.;Al-Raddadi R.;Alarouj M.;AlBuhairan F.;AlDhukair S.;Ali M. M.;Alkandari A.;Alkerwi A.;Allin K.;Alvarez-Pedrerol M.;Aly E.;Amarapurkar D. N.;Amiri P.;Amougou N.;Amouyel P.;Andersen L. B.;Anderssen S. A.;Angquist L.;Anjana R. 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A.;Robitaille C.;Roccaldo R.;Rodrigues D.;Rodriguez-Artalejo F.;Rodriguez-Perez M. D. C.;Rodriguez-Villamizar L. A.;Roggenbuck U.;Rojas-Martinez R.;Rojroongwasinkul N.;Romaguera D.;Romeo E. L.;Rosario R. V.;Rosengren A.;Rouse I.;Roy J. G.;Rubinstein A.;Ruhli F. J.;Ruidavets J. -B.;Ruiz-Betancourt B. S.;Ruiz Moreno E.;Rusakova I. A.;Russell Jonsson K.;Russo P.;Rust P.;Rutkowski M.;Sabanayagam C.;Sacchini E.;Sachdev H. S.;Sadjadi A.;Safarpour A. R.;Safi S.;Safiri S.;Saidi O.;Saki N.;Salanave B.;Salazar Martinez E.;Salmeron D.;Salomaa V.;Salonen J. T.;Salvetti M.;Samoutian M.;Sanchez-Abanto J.;Sandjaja;Sans S.;Santa Marina L.;Santos D. A.;Santos I. S.;Santos L. C.;Santos M. P.;Santos O.;Santos R.;Santos Sanz S.;Saramies J. L.;Sardinha L. B.;Sarrafzadegan N.;Sathish T.;Saum K. -U.;Savva S.;Savy M.;Sawada N.;Sbaraini M.;Scazufca M.;Schaan B. D.;Schaffrath Rosario A.;Schargrodsky H.;Schienkiewitz A.;Schindler K.;Schipf S.;Schmidt C. O.;Schmidt I. M.;Schnohr P.;Schottker B.;Schramm S.;Schramm S.;Schroder H.;Schultsz C.;Schutte A. E.;Sebert S.;Sein A. A.;Selamat R.;Sember V.;Sen A.;Senbanjo I. O.;Sepanlou S. G.;Sequera V.;Serra-Majem L.;Servais J.;Sevcikova L.;Shalnova S. A.;Shamah-Levy T.;Shamshirgaran M.;Shanthirani C. S.;Sharafkhah M.;Sharma S. K.;Shaw J. E.;Shayanrad A.;Shayesteh A. A.;Shengelia L.;Shi Z.;Shibuya K.;Shimizu-Furusawa H.;Shin D. W.;Shin Y.;Shirani M.;Shiri R.;Shrestha N.;Si-Ramlee K.;Siani A.;Siantar R.;Sibai A. M.;Silva A. M.;Silva D. A. S.;Simon M.;Simons J.;Simons L. A.;Sjoberg A.;Sjostrom M.;Skodje G.;Slowikowska-Hilczer J.;Slusarczyk P.;Smeeth L.;So H. -K.;Soares F. C.;Sobek G.;Sobngwi E.;Sodemann M.;Soderberg S.;Soekatri M. Y.;Soemantri A.;Sofat R.;Solfrizzi V.;Somi M. H.;Sonestedt E.;Song Y.;Sorgjerd E. P.;Sossa Jerome C.;Soto-Rojas V. E.;Soumare A.;Sovic S.;Sparboe-Nilsen B.;Sparrenberger K.;Spinelli A.;Spiroski I.;Staessen J. A.;Stamm H.;Stathopoulou M. G.;Staub K.;Stavreski B.;Steene-Johannessen J.;Stehle P.;Stein A. D.;Stergiou G. S.;Stessman J.;Stevanovic R.;Stieber J.;Stockl D.;Stocks T.;Stokwiszewski J.;Stoyanova E.;Stratton G.;Stronks K.;Strufaldi M. W.;Sturua L.;Suarez-Medina R.;Suka M.;Sun C. -A.;Sundstrom J.;Sung Y. -T.;Sunyer J.;Suriyawongpaisal P.;Swinburn B. A.;Sy R. G.;Syddall H. E.;Sylva R. C.;Szklo M.;Szponar L.;Tai E. S.;Tammesoo M. -L.;Tamosiunas A.;Tan E. J.;Tang X.;Tanser F.;Tao Y.;Tarawneh M. R.;Tarp J.;Tarqui-Mamani C. B.;Taxova Braunerova R.;Taylor A.;Taylor J.;Tchibindat F.;Tebar W. R.;Tell G. S.;Tello T.;Thankappan K. R.;Theobald H.;Theodoridis X.;Thijs L.;Thomas N.;Thuesen B. H.;Ticha L.;Timmermans E. J.;Tjonneland A.;Tolonen H. K.;Tolstrup J. S.;Topbas M.;Topor-Madry R.;Torheim L. E.;Tormo M. J.;Tornaritis M. J.;Torrent M.;Torres-Collado L.;Toselli S.;Traissac P.;Tran T. T. -H.;Trichopoulos D.;Trichopoulou A.;Trinh O. T.;Trivedi A.;Tshepo L.;Tsigga M.;Tsugane S.;Tuliakova A. M.;Tulloch-Reid M. K.;Tullu F.;Tuomainen T. -P.;Tuomilehto J.;Turley M. L.;Tynelius P.;Tzotzas T.;Tzourio C.;Ueda P.;Ugel E.;Ukoli F. A.;Ulmer H.;Unal B.;Usupova Z.;Uusitalo H. M.;Uysal N.;Vaitkeviciute J.;Valdivia G.;Vale S.;Valvi D.;van Dam R. M.;Van der Heyden J.;van der Schouw Y. T.;Van Herck K.;Van Minh H.;van Valkengoed I. G.;Vanderschueren D.;Vanuzzo D.;Varbo A.;Varela-Moreiras G.;Varona-Perez P.;Vasan S. K.;Vega T.;Veidebaum T.;Velasquez-Melendez G.;Velika B.;Veronesi G.;Verschuren W. M.;Victora C. G.;Viegi G.;Viet L.;Villalpando S.;Vineis P.;Vioque J.;Virtanen J. K.;Visser M.;Visvikis-Siest S.;Viswanathan B.;Vladulescu M.;Vlasoff T.;Vocanec D.;Volzke H.;Voutilainen A.;Voutilainen S.;Vrijheid M.;Vrijkotte T. G.;Wade A. N.;Wagner A.;Waldhor T.;Walton J.;Wambiya E. O.;Wan Bebakar W. M.;Wan Mohamud W. N.;Wanderley Junior R. D. S.;Wang M. -D.;Wang N.;Wang Q.;Wang X.;Wang Y. X.;Wang Y. -W.;Wannamethee S. G.;Wareham N.;Weber A.;Wedderkopp N.;Weerasekera D.;Weghuber D.;Wei W.;Weres A.;Werner B.;Whincup P. H.;Widhalm K.;Widyahening I. S.;Wiecek A.;Wilks R. J.;Willeit J.;Willeit P.;Williams J.;Wilsgaard T.;Wojtyniak B.;Wong-McClure R. A.;Wong A.;Wong J. E.;Wong T. Y.;Woo J.;Woodward M.;Wu F. C.;Wu J.;Wu L. J.;Wu S.;Xu H.;Xu L.;Yaacob N. A.;Yamborisut U.;Yan W.;Yang L.;Yang X.;Yang Y.;Yardim N.;Yaseri M.;Yasuharu T.;Ye X.;Yiallouros P. K.;Yoosefi M.;Yoshihara A.;You Q. S.;You S. -L.;Younger-Coleman N. O.;Yusof S. M.;Yusoff A. F.;Zaccagni L.;Zafiropulos V.;Zakavi S. R.;Zamani F.;Zambon S.;Zampelas A.;Zamrazilova H.;Zapata M. E.;Zargar A. H.;Zaw K. K.;Zdrojewski T.;Zeljkovic Vrkic T.;Zeng Y.;Zhang L.;Zhang Z. -Y.;Zhao D.;Zhao M. -H.;Zhao W.;Zhen S.;Zheng W.;Zheng Y.;Zholdin B.;Zhou M.;Zhu D.;Zocalo Y.;Zuniga Cisneros J.;Zuziak M.;Ezzati M.
2020
Abstract
Background: Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods: For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings: We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation: The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks. Funding: Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme, EU.
Rodriguez-Martinez A., Zhou B., Sophiea M.K., Bentham J., Paciorek C.J., Iurilli M.L., et al. (2020). Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants. THE LANCET, 396(10261), 1511-1524 [10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31859-6].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/799278
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simulazione ASN
Il report seguente simula gli indicatori relativi alla propria produzione scientifica in relazione alle soglie ASN 2023-2025 del proprio SC/SSD. Si ricorda che il superamento dei valori soglia (almeno 2 su 3) è requisito necessario ma non sufficiente al conseguimento dell'abilitazione. La simulazione si basa sui dati IRIS e sugli indicatori bibliometrici alla data indicata e non tiene conto di eventuali periodi di congedo obbligatorio, che in sede di domanda ASN danno diritto a incrementi percentuali dei valori. La simulazione può differire dall'esito di un’eventuale domanda ASN sia per errori di catalogazione e/o dati mancanti in IRIS, sia per la variabilità dei dati bibliometrici nel tempo. Si consideri che Anvur calcola i valori degli indicatori all'ultima data utile per la presentazione delle domande.
La presente simulazione è stata realizzata sulla base delle specifiche raccolte sul tavolo ER del Focus Group IRIS coordinato dall’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia e delle regole riportate nel DM 589/2018 e allegata Tabella A. Cineca, l’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia e il Focus Group IRIS non si assumono alcuna responsabilità in merito all’uso che il diretto interessato o terzi faranno della simulazione. Si specifica inoltre che la simulazione contiene calcoli effettuati con dati e algoritmi di pubblico dominio e deve quindi essere considerata come un mero ausilio al calcolo svolgibile manualmente o con strumenti equivalenti.
