Aleksandr Dovzhenko's artistic trajectory underwent a critical change during the Second World War. For private as well as public reasons, the by then famous Soviet director refused the mission ascribed to feature film directors -- that is contributing to general mobilisation of the country from the rear areas, in the evacuated studios. Based on a heterogeneous set of sources (personal notes, private correspondence, documents pertaining to the production of films, and finally the secret police's surveillance file), the article explores the dynamics of « self-mobilisation » of both Dovzhenko and his spouse and co-author, Yulia Solntseva. The study does not engage in an analysis of the two full length documentaries that they created about the fighting in Soviet Ukraine. Instead, it examines the impact of the war on the directors' whereabouts and on Dovzhenko's feelings about his duty as a mobilised artist. It pauses on the very peculiar way Dovzhenko decided to work with newsreels cameramen, which all of them pointedly noted in their later memoirs. Finally, Dovzhenko's distance from the shooting scenery and the process of reconstruction of the Ukrainian Newsreels Studio deeply affected the production of the second fresco about the Ukraine in war, namely Victory on the Right bank (1945).

La traiettoria artistica di Aleksandr Dovzhenko subì un cambiamento critico durante la seconda guerra mondiale. Per ragioni private e pubbliche, l'allora famoso regista sovietico rifiutò la missione attribuita ai registi di lungometraggi: contribuire alla mobilitazione generale del paese dalle retrovie, negli studios evacuati. Basandosi su un insieme eterogeneo di fonti (appunti personali, corrispondenza privata, documenti relativi alla produzione di film, e infine l'archivio di sorveglianza della polizia segreta), l'articolo esplora le dinamiche di "auto-mobilitazione" sia di Dovzhenko che della sua coniuge e co-autrice, Yulia Solntseva. Lo studio non si impegna in un'analisi dei due documentari integrali che hanno creato sui combattimenti nell'Ucraina sovietica. Esamina invece l'impatto della guerra sui luoghi dei registi e sui sentimenti di Dovzhenko riguardo al suo dovere di artista mobilitato. Si sofferma sul modo molto particolare in cui Dovzhenko decise di lavorare con i cameramen dei cinegiornali, cosa che tutti loro annotarono nelle loro memorie successive. Infine, la distanza di Dovzhenko dallo scenario delle riprese e il processo di ricostruzione dell'Ukrainian Newsreels Studio influenzarono profondamente la produzione del secondo affresco sull'Ucraina in guerra, ovvero Victory on the Right bank (1945).

De la paix à la guerre, de la fiction au documentaire. Alexandre Dovjenko et Youlia Solntseva [Dalla pace alla guerra, dalla finzione al documentario. Alexander Dovzhenko e Yulia Solntseva]

Vanessa Voisin
2020

Abstract

Aleksandr Dovzhenko's artistic trajectory underwent a critical change during the Second World War. For private as well as public reasons, the by then famous Soviet director refused the mission ascribed to feature film directors -- that is contributing to general mobilisation of the country from the rear areas, in the evacuated studios. Based on a heterogeneous set of sources (personal notes, private correspondence, documents pertaining to the production of films, and finally the secret police's surveillance file), the article explores the dynamics of « self-mobilisation » of both Dovzhenko and his spouse and co-author, Yulia Solntseva. The study does not engage in an analysis of the two full length documentaries that they created about the fighting in Soviet Ukraine. Instead, it examines the impact of the war on the directors' whereabouts and on Dovzhenko's feelings about his duty as a mobilised artist. It pauses on the very peculiar way Dovzhenko decided to work with newsreels cameramen, which all of them pointedly noted in their later memoirs. Finally, Dovzhenko's distance from the shooting scenery and the process of reconstruction of the Ukrainian Newsreels Studio deeply affected the production of the second fresco about the Ukraine in war, namely Victory on the Right bank (1945).
2020
Vanessa Voisin
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/761916
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