Many training systems are suitable for increasing planting density, especially the V and vertical axis systems. New ideas regarding tree shape include plants with 2 or 4 axes, the objective of which is to divide the vigour over more branches. Nurseries can provide pre-formed trees with two axes (Bibaum®) that are ready to be planted, or alternatively, 'knip' trees for spindle plantings. Research and development needs to advance to upgrade tree efficiency via the use of dwarfing or semi-dwarfing quince or pear clonal rootstocks. The nursery sector is by far the pear industry's most technologically innovative. Indeed, today it is possible to purchase a given type of tree to suit a particular desired orchard design. Alongside the traditionally chip-budded trees, produced in a two-year cycle, are types like two-year 'knip' trees, which are obtained from June budded (1-year-old) and bench-grafted plants in a one-year cycle. Also worth noting in this connection are the innovative Bibaum® system which aims to develop pre-formed, split-branch trees in the nursery that eliminate the need for orchard topping and the consequent one year delay in shoot-system formation. The present paper reports a series of three ongoing pear training-system trials. The first involves trees trained to the Bibaum® system or to spindles with cv. Abbé Fétel in a medium density planting (MDP) now in its 7 th year. A comparison of the two systems has so far shown no significant differences in yield but a notable reduction of trunk cross sectional area - 33 cm2 for the former and 43 cm2 for the latter. The fact that vigour is distributed over two axes in the Y-shape appears to positively affect tree-growth control, fruit size, (275 g for Bibaum® and 271 g for spindle), as well as sugar content. The second trial is a yield-performance comparison, using 'Abbé Fétel' scions, of the training systems Bibaum®, Spindle and a three-axis shape called "Candelabro" or 'chandelier'. The third trial is a comparison of spindle and Bibaum® on 4 different rootstocks.
Si tratta del convegno ISHS che si tiene ogni 4 anni e che fa il punto sulle innovazioni del settore
Bibaum®: A new training system for pear orchards / S. Musacchi. - In: ACTA HORTICULTURAE. - ISSN 0567-7572. - STAMPA. - 800:(2008), pp. 763-768. (Intervento presentato al convegno 10th International Pear Symposium tenutosi a Peniche Portugal nel May 22-26, 2007) [10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.800.104].
Bibaum®: A new training system for pear orchards
MUSACCHI, STEFANO
2008
Abstract
Many training systems are suitable for increasing planting density, especially the V and vertical axis systems. New ideas regarding tree shape include plants with 2 or 4 axes, the objective of which is to divide the vigour over more branches. Nurseries can provide pre-formed trees with two axes (Bibaum®) that are ready to be planted, or alternatively, 'knip' trees for spindle plantings. Research and development needs to advance to upgrade tree efficiency via the use of dwarfing or semi-dwarfing quince or pear clonal rootstocks. The nursery sector is by far the pear industry's most technologically innovative. Indeed, today it is possible to purchase a given type of tree to suit a particular desired orchard design. Alongside the traditionally chip-budded trees, produced in a two-year cycle, are types like two-year 'knip' trees, which are obtained from June budded (1-year-old) and bench-grafted plants in a one-year cycle. Also worth noting in this connection are the innovative Bibaum® system which aims to develop pre-formed, split-branch trees in the nursery that eliminate the need for orchard topping and the consequent one year delay in shoot-system formation. The present paper reports a series of three ongoing pear training-system trials. The first involves trees trained to the Bibaum® system or to spindles with cv. Abbé Fétel in a medium density planting (MDP) now in its 7 th year. A comparison of the two systems has so far shown no significant differences in yield but a notable reduction of trunk cross sectional area - 33 cm2 for the former and 43 cm2 for the latter. The fact that vigour is distributed over two axes in the Y-shape appears to positively affect tree-growth control, fruit size, (275 g for Bibaum® and 271 g for spindle), as well as sugar content. The second trial is a yield-performance comparison, using 'Abbé Fétel' scions, of the training systems Bibaum®, Spindle and a three-axis shape called "Candelabro" or 'chandelier'. The third trial is a comparison of spindle and Bibaum® on 4 different rootstocks.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
