The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) Ocean State Report (OSR) provides an annual report of the state of the global ocean and European regional seas for policy and decision-makers with the additional aim of increasing general public awareness about the status of, and changes in, the marine environment. The CMEMS OSR draws on expert analysis and provides a 3-D view (through reanalysis systems), a view from above (through remote-sensing data) and a direct view of the interior (through in situ measurements) of the global ocean and the European regional seas. The report is based on the unique CMEMS monitoring capabilities of the blue (hydrography, currents), white (sea ice) and green (e.g. Chlorophyll) marine environment. This first issue of the CMEMS OSR provides guidance on Essential Variables, large-scale changes and specific events related to the physical ocean state over the period 1993–2015. Principal findings of this first CMEMS OSR show a significant increase in global and regional sea levels, thermosteric expansion, ocean heat content, sea surface temperature and Antarctic sea ice extent and conversely a decrease in Arctic sea ice extent during the 1993–2015 period. During the year 2015 exceptionally strong large-scale changes were monitored such as, for example, a strong El Niño Southern Oscillation, a high frequency of extreme storms and sea level events in specific regions in addition to areas of high sea level and harmful algae blooms. At the same time, some areas in the Arctic Ocean experienced exceptionally low sea ice extent and temperatures below average were observed in the North Atlantic Ocean.

von Schuckmann, K., Le Traon, P., Alvarez-Fanjul, E., Axell, L., Balmaseda, M., Breivik, L., et al. (2016). The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report. JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY, 9(sup2), s235-s320 [10.1080/1755876X.2016.1273446].

The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report

Pinardi, Nadia
;
Simoncelli, Simona;Bonaduce, Antonio;Clementi, Emanuela;
2016

Abstract

The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) Ocean State Report (OSR) provides an annual report of the state of the global ocean and European regional seas for policy and decision-makers with the additional aim of increasing general public awareness about the status of, and changes in, the marine environment. The CMEMS OSR draws on expert analysis and provides a 3-D view (through reanalysis systems), a view from above (through remote-sensing data) and a direct view of the interior (through in situ measurements) of the global ocean and the European regional seas. The report is based on the unique CMEMS monitoring capabilities of the blue (hydrography, currents), white (sea ice) and green (e.g. Chlorophyll) marine environment. This first issue of the CMEMS OSR provides guidance on Essential Variables, large-scale changes and specific events related to the physical ocean state over the period 1993–2015. Principal findings of this first CMEMS OSR show a significant increase in global and regional sea levels, thermosteric expansion, ocean heat content, sea surface temperature and Antarctic sea ice extent and conversely a decrease in Arctic sea ice extent during the 1993–2015 period. During the year 2015 exceptionally strong large-scale changes were monitored such as, for example, a strong El Niño Southern Oscillation, a high frequency of extreme storms and sea level events in specific regions in addition to areas of high sea level and harmful algae blooms. At the same time, some areas in the Arctic Ocean experienced exceptionally low sea ice extent and temperatures below average were observed in the North Atlantic Ocean.
2016
von Schuckmann, K., Le Traon, P., Alvarez-Fanjul, E., Axell, L., Balmaseda, M., Breivik, L., et al. (2016). The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report. JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY, 9(sup2), s235-s320 [10.1080/1755876X.2016.1273446].
von Schuckmann, Karina*; Le Traon, Pierre-Yves; Alvarez-Fanjul, Enrique; Axell, Lars; Balmaseda, Magdalena; Breivik, Lars-Anders; Brewin, Robert J. W....espandi
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report.pdf

accesso aperto

Tipo: Versione (PDF) editoriale
Licenza: Licenza per Accesso Aperto. Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate (CCBYNCND)
Dimensione 25.47 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
25.47 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/681912
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 101
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 98
social impact