Gênero e trabalho precário em uma perspectiva histórica

This paper investigates the historical relationship between gender and precarious work, analyzing a case study of Italian women in the 2nd half of the 20th century. Such historical approach of gender shows us that different forms of production and labor conditions were present simultaneously in Fordist and Post-Fordist societies, and that women, such as immigrants, experienced a significative level of precarity, even in the so-called Golden Age of the 20th century. The sexual division of labor and the discrimination based on sex appears to be in the core of the gender nature of the precarious work, a nexus of long duration that has featured industrial and post-industrial societies, as this paper shows about the Italian case. Handling with the question of the precarity of labor as a multifaceted phenomenon, we affirm that the spread of precarious work in the second half of the 20th century was directly affected by working and female struggles by one hand, and by the role of the State and politics defining the working relations in the law, on the other hand.