Blind Localization of Primary Users with Sectorial Antennas

It is essential to estimate the position of primary users (PUs) for the further development of cognitive radio (CR) networks. Great efforts have been done to seek for localization algorithms with high performance but low computation. In a CR network, PUs do not cooperate with secondary users (SUs), which makes localization challenging. Due to this feature, received signal strength (RSS)- based localization techniques, such as weighted centroid localization (WCL) can be one of the best candidates. However, most of the existing works in this area did not consider the directionality of the antennas. In this paper, we propose a blind localization algorithm using the signal strength received by different sectors of the SU antenna. Then a scoring strategy is applied to all the sectors to estimate the PU location. Two scoring strategies are proposed. Numerical results show that the proposed sectorial antenna technique is robust to PU locations and channel conditions. Compared with WCL, it offers a great improvement in the performance.