A multi-disciplinary modelling approach for discharge reconstruction in irrigation canals: The Canale Emiliano Romagnolo (Northern Italy) case study

Agriculture is the biggest consumer of water in the world, and therefore, in order to mitigate the effects of climate change, and consequently water scarcity, it is important to reduce irrigation water losses and to improve the poor collection of hydraulic status data. Therefore, efficiency has to be increased, and the regulation and control flow should be implemented. Hydraulic modelling represents a strategic tool for the reconstruction of the missing hydraulic data. This paper proposes a methodology for the unmeasured offtake and flowing discharge estimation along the open-canal Canale Emiliano Romagnolo (CER), which is one of the major irrigation infrastructures in Northern Italy. The "multi-disciplinary approach" that was adopted refers to agronomic and hydraulic aspects. The tools that were used are the IRRINET management Decisional Support System (DSS) and the SIC2(Simulation and Integration of Control for Canals) hydraulic software. Firstly, the methodology was developed and tested on a Pilot Segment (PS), characterized by a simple geometry and a quite significant historical hydraulic data availability. Then, it was applied on an Extended Segment (ES) of a more complex geometry and hydraulic functioning. Moreover, the available hydraulic data are scarce. The combination of these aspects represents a crucial issue in the irrigation networks in general.