U svakome rudarskom zahvatu postoji granična vrijednost korisne sirovine (komponente) unutar rude. Ona određuje ekonomsku isplativost rudarenja, odnosno određivanje rudarene stijene kao korisne sirovine ili jalovine. Dio sirovine u kojoj je udjel metala veći ili jednak graničnoj vrijednosti naziva se rudom, a u suprotnome slučaju jalovinom koja se odlaže. Međutim, kako potražnja za metalima raste, tako prije određeni jalovinski dijelovi, zbog smanjivanja potrebne koncentracije metala za ekonomski isplativu obradu, postaju isplativi za preradu. Ovdje je prikazana uporaba multivarijantne geostatistike za procjenu udjela željeza na dvama odlagalištima, s podatcima prikupljenim u ležištu mineralne sirovine i na mjestu odlaganja njezine jalovine. Prvo odlagalište obilježeno je povećanom koncentracijom fosfora ((P %) > 0,6 %), a drugo željeza ((Fe %) < 50%). Ekonomski zahtjevi i fi zička svojstva tih prostora otežavaju uzorkovanje, pa je raspodjela, tj. promjenjivost koncentracije u prostoru, ispitana ponajprije na temelju podataka prikupljenih u bušotinama unutar glavnoga rudnog tijela te u rudničkoj arhivi. Geostatistički je modeliran otvoreni dio ležišta željeza, uključujući prostor za prijevoz i odlaganje jalovine. Rezultati su provjereni prostornim modelom koncentracija željeza i fosfora te usporedbom tih vrijednosti na području rudnika i odlagališta. Variogramski model koji opisuje koncentracije na odlagalištu vrlo je sličan (s većim dosegom i manjom varijancom) onome u samome rudnom tijelu. Stoga takav model može biti uporabljen za procjenu varijabilnosti preostalih koncentracija korisne sirovine u jalovini, odnosno može se usporediti s onime u rudnome tijelu. Tako se može prostorno opisati koncentracije mineralne sirovine u jalovini bez dodatnoga uzorkovanja na samome odlagalištu.
In any mining operation due to the cut-off grade (economic criteria), materials are classifi ed into ore and waste. The material with grade equal to or higher than the cut-off grade is considered as ore and the material with grade less than the cut-off grade is transported as waste to waste dumps. However, because of an increasing metal demand, depletion of in situ ore reserves is occurring and so there is a reduction of cut-off grades for many metals, and the mentioned waste dumps are considered as valuable ore reserves named stockpiles. In this paper, multivariate geostatistics was used to estimate the iron grades of two stockpiles following the sequential piling procedures from the main source - the ore deposit - to the piling fi eld. One stockpile is characterized by phosphorous concentration ((P %) > 0.6 %), while the other by iron concentration ((Fe %)< 50%). Since economic and physical constraints made sampling physically and economically problematic, the grade distribution and variability were estimated on the basis of primary blast-hole data from the main ore body and the mine’s long-term planning policy. A geostatistical model was applied to the excavated part of the iron deposit and by reconstructing ore selection, the haulage and the piling method. Results were validated through spatial variability of iron and phosphorous concentrations by comparing grade variability (Fe and P) with mining and piling units. A comparison of the grade variability has shown that with the same variogram models (with a larger range and smaller variance), the spatial variability of stockpiles have followed the variability of the selected part of the ore body. This point can be used to predict the grade variability of stockpiles from the origin source and the methodology allows characterizing the iron grades within stockpiles without any extra sampling.
Kasmaee, S., Tinti, F., Bruno, R. (2018). Characterization of metal grades in a stockpile of an Iron Mine (Case study - Choghart iron mine, Iran). RUDARSKO-GEOLOSKO-NAFTNI ZBORNIK, 33(2), 51-59 [10.17794/rgn.2018.2.5].
Characterization of metal grades in a stockpile of an Iron Mine (Case study - Choghart iron mine, Iran)
Kasmaee, Sara
;Tinti, Francesco;Bruno, Roberto
2018
Abstract
In any mining operation due to the cut-off grade (economic criteria), materials are classifi ed into ore and waste. The material with grade equal to or higher than the cut-off grade is considered as ore and the material with grade less than the cut-off grade is transported as waste to waste dumps. However, because of an increasing metal demand, depletion of in situ ore reserves is occurring and so there is a reduction of cut-off grades for many metals, and the mentioned waste dumps are considered as valuable ore reserves named stockpiles. In this paper, multivariate geostatistics was used to estimate the iron grades of two stockpiles following the sequential piling procedures from the main source - the ore deposit - to the piling fi eld. One stockpile is characterized by phosphorous concentration ((P %) > 0.6 %), while the other by iron concentration ((Fe %)< 50%). Since economic and physical constraints made sampling physically and economically problematic, the grade distribution and variability were estimated on the basis of primary blast-hole data from the main ore body and the mine’s long-term planning policy. A geostatistical model was applied to the excavated part of the iron deposit and by reconstructing ore selection, the haulage and the piling method. Results were validated through spatial variability of iron and phosphorous concentrations by comparing grade variability (Fe and P) with mining and piling units. A comparison of the grade variability has shown that with the same variogram models (with a larger range and smaller variance), the spatial variability of stockpiles have followed the variability of the selected part of the ore body. This point can be used to predict the grade variability of stockpiles from the origin source and the methodology allows characterizing the iron grades within stockpiles without any extra sampling.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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