Introduction Musculoskeletal disorders can frequently have more than one etiology, mostly unknown. Nonspecific pain is consequently related to psychosocial factors, which also contribute to the development of symptoms into chronic pain. According to the biopsychosocial model, one of the possible rehabilitative choices is the Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), whose effectiveness has not been demonstrated yet. The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the effectiveness of the CBT approach in the treatment of both nonspecific and specific spinal pain. Methods A computer-aided research of the main databases was carried out by two researchers (SS and QS) from March 17th 2008 to October 30th 2010. Found studies were analyzed and classified by following specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Controlled trials based on the comparison between CBT and conventional treatments were assessed by means of JADAD Scale and PEDro Scale. Results One-hundred-twenty-four trials were found, of which 49 (46 Randomized Controlled Trials and 3 Non-Randomized Controlled Trials) matched both inclusion and exclusion criteria. They showed overall a low methodological quality according to the JADAD Scale, but sufficient to the PEDro Scale. Positive results were found with respect to the CBT effectiveness for nonspecific low back pain and non specific spinal pain. On the other hand, conflicting results were reported with regard to specific low back pain and nonspecific neck pain. No evidence were found about specific neck pain, and no trials were found about thoracic back pain. CBT was showed to have a better cost-effectiveness ratio, regardless of the considered spinal district. Conclusions Considering the economic advantage of CBT and the scarce quality of the found clinical trials, it is reasonable to argue that more clinical trials are needed in order to study CBT techniques more homogeneous and reproducible. Furthermore, we suggest to investigate specifically which pathologies and spinal districts have the most psychological component, which would apply to be treated with a CBT approach.

Introduzione Le eziologie dei disturbi muscolo scheletrici sono numerose e non sempre sono definibili con precisione. In merito al dolore aspecifico, la letteratura ipotizza il possibile collegamento con un insieme eterogeneo di fattori, che variano dall’ambito sociale a quello psicologico; per le patologie conclamate, d’altra parte, tali fattori possono contribuire alla cronicizzazione. In accordo con il modello biopsicosociale è possibile avvalersi della così detta Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamentale (TCC). La sua efficacia non è ancora definita con precisione. Questa revisione della letteratura ha lo scopo di indagare le evidenze scientifiche in merito all’efficacia delle tecniche di TCC nell’ambito del trattamento del dolore spinale, sia aspecifico che specifico. Metodi La ricerca bibliografica è stata effettuata nel periodo compreso tra il 17 marzo 2008 e il 30 gennaio 2010 da due ricercatori (SS; QS). Gli studi reperiti sono stati analizzati e catalogati secondo criteri predefiniti di inclusione ed esclusione. Gli studi controllati riguardanti il confronto tra TCC e trattamenti standard sono stati valutati con la JADAD Scale e la PEDro Scale. Risultati Sono stati reperiti 124 studi, di cui 49 (46 Studi Randomizzati Controllati, 3 Studi Non Randomizzati Controllati) hanno soddisfatto i criteri di inclusione ed esclusione. La qualità dei clinical trials è risultata mediamente scarsa secondo la JADAD Scale e sufficiente secondo la PEDro Scale. Si riscontrano risultati positivi sull’efficacia della TCC nella lombalgia aspecifica e nel dolore spinale aspecifico. Risultati contraddittori sono riportati a riguardo della lombalgia specifica e della cervicalgia aspecifica. Nessuna certezza emerge in merito alla cervicalgia aspecifica, e nessun risultato in merito alla dorsalgia. Si evidenzia una riduzione dei costi con l’utilizzo della TCC rispetto al trattamento convenzionale, indipendentemente dal distretto affrontato. Conclusioni A fronte del riscontrato vantaggio economico emerso, ma della scarsa qualità degli studi inclusi, si determina la necessità di ulteriori sperimentazioni scientifiche mirate allo studio di tecniche cognitivo comportamentali omogenee e riproducibili. Si suggerisce inoltre di indagare quali patologie specifiche e quali distretti presentino una più significativa componente psicologica, che indica un approccio di tipo cognitivo comportamentale.

Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy in spinal pain: a systematic review. Efficacia della Terapia Cognitivo - Comportamentale nel dolore spinale: una revisione sistematica / VANTI, CARLA. - In: SCIENZA RIABILITATIVA. - ISSN 1828-3942. - STAMPA. - 13:2(2011), pp. 5-23.

Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy in spinal pain: a systematic review. Efficacia della Terapia Cognitivo - Comportamentale nel dolore spinale: una revisione sistematica

VANTI, CARLA
2011

Abstract

Introduction Musculoskeletal disorders can frequently have more than one etiology, mostly unknown. Nonspecific pain is consequently related to psychosocial factors, which also contribute to the development of symptoms into chronic pain. According to the biopsychosocial model, one of the possible rehabilitative choices is the Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), whose effectiveness has not been demonstrated yet. The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the effectiveness of the CBT approach in the treatment of both nonspecific and specific spinal pain. Methods A computer-aided research of the main databases was carried out by two researchers (SS and QS) from March 17th 2008 to October 30th 2010. Found studies were analyzed and classified by following specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Controlled trials based on the comparison between CBT and conventional treatments were assessed by means of JADAD Scale and PEDro Scale. Results One-hundred-twenty-four trials were found, of which 49 (46 Randomized Controlled Trials and 3 Non-Randomized Controlled Trials) matched both inclusion and exclusion criteria. They showed overall a low methodological quality according to the JADAD Scale, but sufficient to the PEDro Scale. Positive results were found with respect to the CBT effectiveness for nonspecific low back pain and non specific spinal pain. On the other hand, conflicting results were reported with regard to specific low back pain and nonspecific neck pain. No evidence were found about specific neck pain, and no trials were found about thoracic back pain. CBT was showed to have a better cost-effectiveness ratio, regardless of the considered spinal district. Conclusions Considering the economic advantage of CBT and the scarce quality of the found clinical trials, it is reasonable to argue that more clinical trials are needed in order to study CBT techniques more homogeneous and reproducible. Furthermore, we suggest to investigate specifically which pathologies and spinal districts have the most psychological component, which would apply to be treated with a CBT approach.
2011
Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy in spinal pain: a systematic review. Efficacia della Terapia Cognitivo - Comportamentale nel dolore spinale: una revisione sistematica / VANTI, CARLA. - In: SCIENZA RIABILITATIVA. - ISSN 1828-3942. - STAMPA. - 13:2(2011), pp. 5-23.
VANTI, CARLA
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11585/623683
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