Brunelleschi's Dome: an overview through 3D digital model about geometrical genesis and proportional theories

This research deals with the application of geometry and computer graphics as tools for documentation and dissemination of one of the most famous masterpieces of Italian Renaissance, the Brunelleschi’s Dome, covering the church of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence (Italy). By means of 3D digital models it is possible to deeply examine the geometric structure so as the constructive features that are actually linked to real building technique, allowing a comparison between the stated proportion by the architect and the achieved shape obtained when turning the design into the real world (with the consequent adjustment). This three-dimensional model, created by using solid modelling representation techniques, intends to be as close as possible to reality, although a simplification phase of metric and dimensional data has been necessary for two main reasons: on the one hand to manage the model, and on the other hand to underline, through an idealization process, the relevant geometric aspects of the original design. Idealized feature curves used for the creation of the solid model come from a highly detailed mesh of a 3D laser scanner survey carried out during the last years under the scientific supervision of the University of Florence. The complete digital design of the elements of the complex is essential to help both a general and detailed comprehension. It reveals the geometric genesis that leads and determines the final aesthetic-formal result, as well as the existing relations between the different parts and the whole, making real the object even in its hid-den components, not directly detectable to an outside glance but deeply connected to the structure, providing a less superficial view of relationships between geometry and the system inside the building. Moreover the model can also be used to become interactive, giving the possibility to query the linked information, e. g. about history, dimensions, original documents, or for 3D printing, in order to explain the different constructive steps of the building.