Law no. 47 on April 16th 2015 amends at several points the precautionary measures regulation provided for by the code of criminal procedure. The issue of pre-trial detention of the suspect has been since a long time at center of the attention of the legislative, especially after the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights that ruled against Italy for “inhuman or degrading treatment” due to prison overcrowding, partly caused by the high rate of detainees still awaiting the final sentence. After a number of emergency decrees that contributed to reduce the prison population substantially, the Parliament passed a more organic legislation, intended to return pre-trial detention to its role of last resort, according to the general principles of the system, and to improve the use of alternative measures, as house arrest, electronic surveillance or disqualifying measures. At the same time, the law strengthens the safeguards of the suspect, by imposing a more stringent burden of justification on the judge of the precautionary measure and by reforming the rules on the appellate review, in order to ensure a speedier and more incisive control by the higher court. The author analyzes the new law and highlights its achievements, omissions and critical points.
La legge 16 aprile 2015, n. 47, modifica in più punti la disciplina delle misure cautelari prevista dal codice di procedura penale. Il problema della custodia in carcere dell’imputato è da tempo al centro dell’attenzione del legislatore, specialmente dopo le sentenze della Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo che hanno condannato l’Italia per il “trattamento inumano o degradante” dovuto al sovraffollamento carcerario, determinato in parte dall’alta percentuale di detenuti non ancora condannati definitivamente. Dopo una serie di decreti di emergenza, che hanno contribuito a ridurre sensibilmente la popolazione carceraria, il Parlamento ha approvato un provvedimento più organico, destinato a ricondurre la custodia cautelare in carcere al ruolo di extrema ratio, in aderenza ai principi generali del sistema, e a favorire l’uso di misure alternative, come l’arresto domiciliare, il braccialetto elettronico o le misure interdittive. Al tempo stesso vengono rafforzate le garanzie dell’imputato, imponendo un più stringente onere di motivazione al giudice cautelare e riformando le norme sulle impugnazioni in modo da assicurare un controllo più rapido e più rigoroso da parte del giudice superiore. L’autore analizza la nuova legge, mettendone in evidenza i risultati, le lacune e i punti critici.
Verso il ripristino della cultura delle garanzie in tema di libertà personale dell'imputato.
ILLUMINATI, GIULIO
2015
Abstract
Law no. 47 on April 16th 2015 amends at several points the precautionary measures regulation provided for by the code of criminal procedure. The issue of pre-trial detention of the suspect has been since a long time at center of the attention of the legislative, especially after the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights that ruled against Italy for “inhuman or degrading treatment” due to prison overcrowding, partly caused by the high rate of detainees still awaiting the final sentence. After a number of emergency decrees that contributed to reduce the prison population substantially, the Parliament passed a more organic legislation, intended to return pre-trial detention to its role of last resort, according to the general principles of the system, and to improve the use of alternative measures, as house arrest, electronic surveillance or disqualifying measures. At the same time, the law strengthens the safeguards of the suspect, by imposing a more stringent burden of justification on the judge of the precautionary measure and by reforming the rules on the appellate review, in order to ensure a speedier and more incisive control by the higher court. The author analyzes the new law and highlights its achievements, omissions and critical points.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
