BACKGROUND:The SMILE studies proved the prognostic benefit of zofenopril vs. placebo or other ACE-inhibitors (ACEIs) in post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this retrospective pooled analysis of these studies we assessed whether the zofenopril effect is influenced by gender. METHODS:The four double-blind, randomized, parallel-group SMILE studies, compared the efficacy and safety of 6-48 week treatment with zofenopril 60 mg/day with that of placebo, lisinopril 10 mg/day or ramipril 10 mg/day in 3630 AMI patients. This pooled analysis compared treatment efficacy (1-year combined occurrence of death or hospitalization for CV causes) in 2733 men and 897 women. RESULTS: Women were older than men, had a higher prevalence of diabetes and of other major CV risk factors. The risk of a major CV event was significantly larger for women (23% vs. 17% men, p<0.001). Between-gender risk difference was more marked for people living in Southern (+54%) than in Northern Europe (+12%). In both genders zofenopril similarly reduced the 1-year risk of CV morbidity and mortality vs. placebo (-39% men, p = 0.0001; -40% women, p = 0.005). The risk reduction was more marked with zofenopril than with the other ACEIs, particularly in men (-27%, p = 0.012; women: -14%, p = 0.479). The drug safety profile was similar between genders in zofenopril-treated patients, while it was worse in women treated with other ACEIs. CONCLUSIONS: Post-AMI women are at higher risk of CV complications than men, particularly when living in Mediterranean countries. Their response to ACE-inhibition varies according to the type of drug and is usually better in men.
Effects of treatment with zofenopril in men and women with acute myocardial infarction: gender analysis of the SMILE Program / Franconi, F; Omboni, S; Ambrosioni, E; Reggiardo, G; Campesi, I; Borghi, C. - In: PLOS ONE. - ISSN 1932-6203. - ELETTRONICO. - 9:11(2014), pp. e111558.1-e111558.18. [10.1371/journal.pone.0111558]
Effects of treatment with zofenopril in men and women with acute myocardial infarction: gender analysis of the SMILE Program.
AMBROSIONI, ETTORE;BORGHI, CLAUDIO
2014
Abstract
BACKGROUND:The SMILE studies proved the prognostic benefit of zofenopril vs. placebo or other ACE-inhibitors (ACEIs) in post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this retrospective pooled analysis of these studies we assessed whether the zofenopril effect is influenced by gender. METHODS:The four double-blind, randomized, parallel-group SMILE studies, compared the efficacy and safety of 6-48 week treatment with zofenopril 60 mg/day with that of placebo, lisinopril 10 mg/day or ramipril 10 mg/day in 3630 AMI patients. This pooled analysis compared treatment efficacy (1-year combined occurrence of death or hospitalization for CV causes) in 2733 men and 897 women. RESULTS: Women were older than men, had a higher prevalence of diabetes and of other major CV risk factors. The risk of a major CV event was significantly larger for women (23% vs. 17% men, p<0.001). Between-gender risk difference was more marked for people living in Southern (+54%) than in Northern Europe (+12%). In both genders zofenopril similarly reduced the 1-year risk of CV morbidity and mortality vs. placebo (-39% men, p = 0.0001; -40% women, p = 0.005). The risk reduction was more marked with zofenopril than with the other ACEIs, particularly in men (-27%, p = 0.012; women: -14%, p = 0.479). The drug safety profile was similar between genders in zofenopril-treated patients, while it was worse in women treated with other ACEIs. CONCLUSIONS: Post-AMI women are at higher risk of CV complications than men, particularly when living in Mediterranean countries. Their response to ACE-inhibition varies according to the type of drug and is usually better in men.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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