Aggressive Central Giant Cell Granuloma of the Mandible Treated With Conservative Surgical Enucleation and Interferon-α-2a: Complete Remission With Long-Term Follow-Up

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign tumor of the jaws. Aggressive lesions present a strong tendency toward recurrence after surgical enucleation; thus, en bloc resection and microvascular bone free flap transfer are usually performed. However, in young patients, aggressive surgical treatment is a not always suitable solution. This report describes the case of a young female patient who developed an aggressive recurrence of CGCG after its diagnosis and enucleation from the mandible. Surgical enucleation with subcutaneous injection of interferon-α-2a was performed. The patient was evaluated every 6 weeks, and after 6 months radiographic evidence of complete bone regeneration was obtained. No sign of recurrence was seen after 8 years of follow-up. A review of the literature proved that interferon treatment is an effective strategy to avoid extensive surgery in patients with aggressive CGCG.